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Sigmund Freud was born on May 6, 1856 in Freiberg, in the Austro-Hungarian Empire, into a family of Jewish tradition. He moved with his family to Vienna at the age of 4, and lived there until the German occupation of 1938.
A diligent and ambitious student, he entered the Faculty of Medicine in 1873, finishing the course in 1881. In the meantime he met Josef Breuer, with whom he discussed hypnosis. In 1885 he went to Paris to do an internship with Jean-Martin Charcot, a neurologist known throughout Europe for his studies on hysteria and the use of hypnosis. The following year Freud returned to Vienna and married Martha Bernays.
He opens a private practice in which he uses hypnosis to cure his patients. The publication of his "Interpretation of Dreams" dates from 1900. With this work, Freud presents to the public a description of the unconscious of the human mind. Two years later he was appointed Professor "Extraordinarius" at the University of Vienna and gathered around him a group of disciples with whom, in 1908, he formed the "Vienna Psychoanalytic Society".
His studies and theories on sexuality are unavoidable, with which he shocked society from 1905 onwards. At the age of 67, he was diagnosed with cancer, which he tried to cure with successive operations over the next 16 years.
Freud sees his books burned in the public square in Berlin, after Hitler's rise to power. With the annexation of Austria by Germany, he fled with his wife to London, where he died of cancer on September 23, 1939.