Exiles

James Joyce was born in Dublin, Ireland, on February 2, 1882, and is considered one of the greatest writers of the twentieth century. Among his best-known works are the volume of short stories People of Dublin (1914) and the novels Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man (1916), Ulysses (1922) and Finnegans Wake (1939). His writing included technical innovations such as the extensive use of the inner monologue, the development of a network of symbols drawn from mythology, history, and literature, and the creation of a language replete with invented words and puns. He died in Zurich, Switzerland, in 1941.