História

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Feliks Volkhovskii - A Revolutionary Life

de Michael Hughes

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 Feliks Volkhovskii (1846-1914) was a significant figure in the Russian revolutionary movement of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. He lived through pivotal changes ranging from the rise of ‘nihilism’ in the 1860s and the growth of populism in the 1870s, through to the creation of the Socialist Revolutionary Party in the early 1900s. Imprisoned three times before he turned thirty, he spent ten years in Siberian exile before fleeing abroad to join the fight against tsarist autocracy from western Europe. Following Volkhovskii’s arrival in Britain in 1890, he played a central role in the campaign to win sympathy for the Russian revolutionary movement, editing newspapers and journals including Free Russia. He also helped to smuggle propaganda into Russia as well as becoming one of the most prominent figures in the émigré leadership of the Socialist Revolutionaries. Throughout his life, Volkhovskii was also a prolific writer of poetry and short stories, and was on good terms with many leading literary figures of the time including Ford Maddox Ford and Edward and Constance Garnett. Michael Hughes’s groundbreaking new biography provides a vivid history of this notable but hitherto neglected figure of both the political and literary worlds. Based on ten years of research in archives across the world and drawing on sources in multiple languages, this masterful biography explores how Volkhovskii’s life illuminates broader intellectual and historical questions about the Russian revolutionary movement. It is essential reading for anyone interested in late Imperial Russia and the Russian revolution.
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Doctors From Hell - The Horrific Account Of Nazi Experiments On Humans

de Vivien Spitz

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 Dealing with the Nuremberg war crimes trial of Nazi doctors, the author describes the experience of being in bombed-out, dangerous, post-war Nuremberg, where she worked on the trial. This landmark trial resulted in the establishment of the Nuremberg code, which set the guidelines for medical research involving human beings.
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Mein Kampf - English Translation Of Mein Kamphf - Mein Kampt - Mein Kamphf

de Adolf Hitler

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 Mein Kampf (“My Struggle”) is a political manifesto written by Adolf Hitler. It was his only complete book and became the bible of National Socialism in the German Third Reich. It was published in two volumes, which dated 1925 and 1927. By 1939 it had sold 5,200,000 copies and had been translated into 11 different languages. The first volume, entitled Die Abrechnung (“The Settlement of Accounts,” or “Revenge”), was written in 1924 in the Bavarian fortress of Landsberg am Lech. Hitler was imprisoned there after the unsuccessful Beer Hall Putsch of 1923. It describes the world of Hitlers youth, the First World War and the betrayal of Germany in 1918. It also expresses Hitlers Racial ideology. According to Hitler, it was necessary for Germans to occupy themselves not merely with the breeding of cats, dogs and horses - but also care for the health and wellbeing of their own Bloodline. The second volume, entitled Die Nationalsozialistische Bewegung (“The National Socialist Movement”), was written after Hitlers release from prison in December 1924. It outlines the political program of National Socialism and includes the measures that National Socialism must pursue in both gaining power and in exercising it thereafter in the new German Reich. In this book Hitler describes an ideology which according to him must shake the world from its slumber. An ideology which is based on the Eternal Laws of Nature. Here you can notice how the foundations of Social Darwinism have been applied in practice. This book has set a path toward a much higher understanding of the self and of our magnificent destiny as living beings part of this Race on our planet. It shows us that we must not look at nature in terms of good or bad, but in an unfiltered manner. It describes what we must do if we want to survive as a people and as a Race. We have to understand that Nature does not forgive weakness and that the truth and reality is what it is, no matter how bad it may seem or how hard it can portray itself. This book shows the foundations of White Resistance and White Nationalism. It is the foundation and seed for the preservation of our Race. Be advised that this book does not represent the full Racialist ideology, but it is only a foundation as the Origin of Species is a foundation for the Theory of Evolution. James Murphy translation is OFFICIAL NSDAP translation.. NSDAP have paid Murphy to translate Mein Kampf...
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Portugal Of The Portuguese

de Aubrey F. G. Bell

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 In "Portugal of the Portuguese," Aubrey F. G. Bell presents a meticulous exploration of Portugal's cultural, historical, and social landscape during a pivotal period. Richly illustrated and infused with Bell's keen observational skills, this work not only delves into the nation's geographical allure but also examines the psyche of its people, standing as a seminal piece within the travel literature of the early 20th century. The author combines vivid prose and an analytical approach, making the narrative both engaging and intellectually stimulating, thus carving out a unique space in the genre dominated by romanticized depictions of foreign lands. Aubrey F. G. Bell, an esteemed scholar and writer, possessed a deep affinity for the Iberian Peninsula, having devoted years to studying its language and history. Born in England, Bell's fascination with Portuguese culture stemmed from his academic pursuits, which led him through various Portuguese-speaking regions. His erudition and firsthand experiences positioned him to provide a nuanced perspective, capturing the essence of Portuguese identity at a time when the nation was experiencing profound changes. Readers with an avid interest in cultural studies, history, and travel narratives will find "Portugal of the Portuguese" indispensable. Bell's multifaceted insights into the country's essence not only enrich the reader's understanding but also foster a deeper appreciation for Portugal's enduring legacy and vibrant present.
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Ten Days That Shook The World

de John Reed

~~2,87€~~ 2,58€ 10% IMEDIATO

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 In 1917 John Reed, a journalist and socialist, witnessed first-hand the 1917 Russian October Revolution, in which the Bolsheviks seized power and began forming the Soviet Union. Ten Days that Shook the World is his account of the revolution, including on-the-ground descriptions of the days up to those portentous events.The book received a mixed reception. Some reviewers found it a powerful account of the events, one of the few available in English. Others noted Reed's bias as an established Socialist writer. In any case, the book was hugely influential: this edition boasts a preface by Lenin, John Reed was buried in Moscow in a site reserved for Soviet leadership, and some Soviet couples even went so far as to name their children "Johnreed." In 1999 New York University placed Ten Days that Shook the World 7th in their "Top 100 Works of Journalism" list.Perfect for readers fascinated by pivotal moments in world history, this gripping eyewitness account puts you right in the heart of revolutionary Petrograd as history unfolds. Reed's vivid, on-the-ground reporting captures the chaos, passion, and world-changing drama of the Bolshevik Revolution like no other English-language source. Essential reading for anyone seeking to understand how ten dramatic days reshaped the entire course of the 20th century.The source for this public-domain ebook is Standard Ebooks (standardebooks.org). Ebooks from other sources often have typos, inconsistent spelling, missing accent marks, and missing punctuation. Ebooks from Standard Ebooks are proofread line by line against a scan of the original printed pages, then proofread again from cover to cover. They are also formatted and typeset following a professional-grade style manual, resulting in new editions supporting state-of-the-art ereader technology: automatic hyphenation, popup footnotes, complete and consistent metadata, high-resolution and scalable vector graphics, and ereader-compatible tables of contents. All of this makes the finished ebooks accurate, functional, and beautiful, a pleasure to read. (Waking Lion Press is not affiliated with or endorsed by Standard Ebooks.)
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Converting Ireland - Religious Education, Language And Colonialism

de Karina Benazech Wendling

~~121,97€~~ 109,77€ 10% IMEDIATO

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 Karina BÃ©nazech Wendling re-assesses â€˜souperismâ€™ and British cultural imperialism through the use of the Irish language and Bible in schools. The book explores Protestant societies in Irelandâ€™s religious and political landscape, Catholic counter-missions, and nationalist resistance, offering new insights into Irish religious history. -- .
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The Bolshevik Myth

de Alexander Berkman

~~1,91€~~ 1,72€ 10% IMEDIATO

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 After being imprisoned in the Atlanta Federal Penitentiary for his role in opposing mandatory conscription following the U.S. entry into World War I, Alexander Berkman became one of 246 left-wing radicals (including his fellow anarchist and lover Emma Goldman) deported to Russia in December 1919 aboard the U.S.S. Buford. While initially an enthusiastic supporter of the revolutionary Bolshevik regime, Berkman's travels throughout Russia and Ukraine led to increasing discomfort with the authoritarianism and corruption characteristic of Bolshevik rule. Eventually, the violent suppression of the Kronstadt rebellion completely broke his support for the Bolshevik regime, leading to his emigration from Russia.Berkman recorded his experiences in the years from 1920 to 1922 in a diary, which he reworked into The Bolshevik Myth. (While the book is presented as the original diary, archival research has shown that much of the original material from Berkman's diary was rewritten.) Readers of The Bolshevik Myth may note considerable structural and topical similarities with Goldman's more famous memoir on the Russian Revolution, My Disillusionment in Russia. Since Goldman and Berkman were deported from the U.S. together and traveled throughout Russia and Ukraine as part of the same committees and delegations, the two memoirs represent two different perspectives on effectively the same journey.This edition includes the final chapter of Berkman's original manuscript, which was rejected by the publisher Boni & Liveright as a literary "anti-climax." Berkman later published the final chapter, which provides a theoretical analysis on the Bolshevik regime from an anarchist perspective, separately under the title of "The Anti-Climax."Perfect for readers fascinated by firsthand accounts of revolutionary Russia and the complex realities behind political idealism. Berkman's eyewitness testimony offers an unvarnished look at the gap between revolutionary promises and harsh realities, making this essential reading for anyone interested in understanding how utopian dreams can transform into authoritarian nightmares.
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Irish Townspeople - The Early Modern Urban Experience, C.1400-C.1640

de Colm Lennon

~~129,65€~~ 116,69€ 10% IMEDIATO

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 A work of Irish urban history that studies the society and culture of townspeople, including their integration as citizens, their membership of fraternities, guilds and parishes and their charity. As civic leaders they forged political and confessional identities that set them at odds with church and state in mid-seventeenth century Ireland. -- .
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Medieval Europe

~~1,06€~~ 0,95€ 10% IMEDIATO

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 Medieval Europe offers a structured examination of the long transformation of the European world from classical foundations toward emerging modern systems. The work approaches history as a continuous process, emphasizing connection rather than rigid division between eras. It explores political collapse, social adaptation, and institutional change as interconnected forces shaping European development. Early sections address the weakening of imperial authority, highlighting administrative strain, military vulnerability, and shifting loyalties that altered long standing power structures. From this disruption emerged new forms of governance, local authority, and cultural synthesis that redefined society. The narrative also considers the growth of religious influence as a stabilizing and organizing force within fragmented communities. Economic practices, legal customs, and social hierarchies are presented as evolving responses to instability rather than sudden inventions. By focusing on transition and adaptation, the book challenges simplified views of decline and stagnation. Instead, it presents the period as one of experimentation, resilience, and gradual formation, laying essential foundations for later political and cultural development across Europe.
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Gendered Reputations And Aristocratic Partnership - Re-Presenting The Breton Civil War From The Fourteenth To Sixteenth Centuries

de Erika Graham-Goering

~~3,96€~~ 3,56€ 10% IMEDIATO

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 With a case study of the duchess and duke of Brittany, and their fight to claim the ducal throne at the start of the Hundred Yearsâ€™ War, this book probes gender expectations by examining how reputations and shared power are related by elite audiences in contemporary chronicles.
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Roman Surrey

de David Bird

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 Roman Surrey
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The Extra Ordinary Women Of Britain

de Peter Hunt

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 Britain has a hidden wealth of fascinating and important women peppered throughout its history, perhaps more than any other European nation. This book is an introduction to thirty-seven British women whom I believe are truly exceptional and, since the 1st century AD, their lives have dramatically influenced British history and culture. You will know some of them, but you may not know others. This is an introduction to them and it also includes a list of other women that you will find worthy of your own research. Please note, however, that each of these chapters is an introduction and you may wish to read more about them yourselves. This book is a sequel to my book The Extra Ordinary Women of France. Both books were inspired by a visit I took some years ago to the Panthéon in Paris, the mausoleum for the interment of famous men and women of France. There were 81 people interred there of which only 6 were women. Hence, the idea for both these books. I know you will find them fascinating. They should be available from booksellers and from Amazon.
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Dresden: Portrait Of A City

de Beverly Heckart

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 The world knows Dresden as the victim of vicious Allied bombing at the end of World War II that destroyed its famed Baroque architecture. But Dresden is more than this stereotype implies. This portrait explores the highs and lows of Dresden's individual experiences. It captures the visions of the princes who created the Baroque city. It displays the talents of the individuals who turned a princely residence into a modern industrial hub. It traces the city's historically conflicted relationship with its Jewish community. And it reveals how the city's identification with the arts was often at odds with its economic, social, and political realities. This background led Dresden to act as spearhead of the peaceful revolution that re-united Germany in 1990. The multiple facets of Dresden's past inspire its current vitality and energize its response to contemporary challenges.
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Budapest - Story Of A Grand Metropolis

de Joe Hajdu

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 Budapest is famous for the beauty of its setting on the Danube River. This beauty has been heightened by the architectural splendour of its key buildings, built in pivotal locations next to the river. The Danube and its surrounds have also been crucial in the history of Budapest. Castle Hill in Buda has been the seat of Hungarian royal power since the beginning of the 13th century. The symbols of this era are still visible today. Periods of foreign conquest—first under the Ottoman Turks in the 16th century, then two and a half centuries of Habsburg rule from Vienna—have also left their mark on the city. The Golden Age of Budapest was the decades before 1914. The city experienced a veritable boom, and even today, Pest is filled with grand, lavishly decorated buildings that attest to the prosperity of this era. The 20th century brought two world wars, economic collapse, social upheaval and, between 1948 and 1989, Communist rule to Budapest. The lives of key politicians and the fates of individual people are described to show the impact of this tumultuous century. Finally, Budapest today: the city as seen by the large stream of visitors, the city of light and shade, the city of music, thermal baths, good food, entertainment and conviviality. It is all there for the reader of this book.
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Soviet Materialities - Socialist Things, Environments And Affects

~~129,65€~~ 116,69€ 10% IMEDIATO

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 Soviet materialities rethinks Soviet history and culture through the lens of materiality, exploring how humans and objects co-shaped identity, ideology, and social life. This interdisciplinary volume bridges Soviet-era thought with theoretical insights from New Materialism, offering a groundbreaking approach to the study of the Soviet past. -- .
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Path Of Dignity

de Oleh Storozh

~~2,64€~~ 2,38€ 10% IMEDIATO

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 "Ukraine's Journey of Dignity" is a book about Ukraine's modern history-from the Orange Revolution to the full-scale invasion of 2022 and beyond. This book is not a dry chronicle of events. It is a reflection on dignity as a historical force on how societies change when people reject fear, injustice, and imposed silence. Through key moments in Ukraine's recent past, the author explores how civic courage, moral choice, and collective responsibility shape the nation's destiny. The narrative combines documented facts with personal observations and philosophical reflections. Revolutions, wars, losses, resistance, and transformations are presented not only as political processes but also as deeply human experiences that redefine identity and values. "The Journey of Dignity" is written for readers who seek to understand contemporary Ukraine beyond the headlines as a country whose struggle is rooted in the universal ideas of freedom, dignity, and the right to choose one's future. There are: Revolutions, Maidans, the human right to dignity and freedom, Invasion, Crimea, Ilovaisk, Bucha, Irpin... This is a commercial publication. All rights reserved.
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Jews Of Lithuania - A Journey Through The Long Twentieth Century

de Nicholas Sayers

~~79,50€~~ 71,55€ 10% IMEDIATO

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 This book is the result of a personal quest to understand more about Nick' s family background in eastern Europe. It leads him to dig deeply into many of the big questions about modern Jewish history in Lithuania. Why were lots of Jewish people living in Lithuania in the late nineteenth century? Were their lives becoming difficult at that time and, if so, why was this? Why did some Jews emigrate? How did these people choose where to go and how did they make the move? What happened to their family and friends left behind, both during the First World War and in the inter-war period? Why and how were Lithuania' s Jews murdered in the Holocaust and how has Lithuanian society tried to come to terms with this in the post-war world? Much modern Jewish history in Lithuania is terrible. About 96% of the pre-war Jewish population was murdered in the Holocaust. But this book also reflects on positive aspects of the Jewish experience in Lithuania: for many years it was a good place for Jews to live and those who emigrated carried with them Jewish traditions and approaches to life and learning acquired while living there which stood them in good stead in their new countries.
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Other Fuhrer: Muck-Lamberty And Adolf Hitler - A Road Not Taken In Weimar Germany

de Josh Brooman

~~9,26€~~ 8,33€ 10% IMEDIATO

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 Germany 1920. A new political movement is born. It is led by a charismatic ex-serviceman whose aim is to create a 'National Community' in the war-devastated country. His followers call him 'Fuhrer.' But this is not Adolf Hitler. His name is Friedrich Lamberty, better known as Muck, and his methods are very different from Hitler s. He and his followers, who call themselves the New Crowd, trek through the centre of Germany singing, dancing and playing with local people. By the end of 1920 they have brought hundreds of thousands of people out of their homes to join in a revolution of the soul. But then an unexpected and shocking development causes the New Crowd to break up. Muck disappears from the scene as quickly as he arrived. The story of Muck-Lamberty s rise and fall, told here for the first time in English, throws new light on Germany in the early twentieth century. It examines the country s unique youth movement, the impact on young people of world war and revolution, the strange post-war dance craze, the revolution in sexual behaviour, and the development of new ways of thinking about what it meant to be German - and Jewish. In each of these areas, Muck-Lamberty is compared with Adolf Hitler to find out why he was initially more successful than the Nazi leader, but then failed to establish himself as a Fuhrer.
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Black Death - A Global History

de Thomas Asbridge

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 In the mid-fourteenth century, a lethal plague struck the medieval world, causing unimaginable suffering and destruction. This terrifying pandemic - the Black Death - was unquestionably one of history’s defining episodes, yet a critical feature of its progress has often been ignored: the disease was not confined to Europe, but rather affected almost all of the known world, including the Near and Middle East, Byzantium, north Africa and Asia. Tracing the pandemic’s course across the medieval globe, The Black Death contrasts the experiences of different peoples, including Christians, Muslims and Jews, charting this catastrophe’s transformative effects on diverse aspects of medieval life. And crucially, Asbridge demonstrates that the plague was often at its most destructive in the Islamic world, where it ultimately played a role in the collapse of the mighty Mamluk Empire. The Black Death also brings the human drama of this calamitous era to life, evoking the terror and the turmoil that beset cities such as London, Cairo and Florence. Asbridge reconstructs the lives of the men, women and children who faced the Black Death - from ruling monarchs to peasant farmers - laying bare both the abject horror they endured and the courageous resolve they often demonstrated while striving to survive. Uncovering a story that speaks to our own age, The Black Death highlights humankind’s capacity for compassion and resilience amidst a global crisis to explain how the medieval world confronted, and ultimately overcame, this shattering pandemic.
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Germany: The Long Road West - Volume 1: 1789-1933

de Heinrich August Winkler

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 Vivid, succinct, and highly accessible, Heinrich Winkler's magisterial history of modern Germany offers the history of a nation and its people through two turbulent centuries. It is the story of a country that, while always culturally identified with the West, long resisted the political trajectories of its neighbours. This first volume (of two) begins with the origins and consequences of the medieval myth of the 'Reich', which was to experience a fateful renaissance in the twentieth century, and ends with the collapse of the first German democracy. Winkler offers a brilliant synthesis of complex events and illuminates them with fresh insights. He analyses the decisions that shaped the country's triumphs and catastrophes, interweaving high politics with telling vignettes about the German people and their own self-perception. With a second volume that takes the story up to reunification in 1990, Germany: The Long Road West will be welcomed by scholars, students, and anyone wishing to understand this most complex and contradictory of countries.
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Heart Religion - Evangelical Piety In England & Ireland, 1690-1850

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 The Evangelical Revival of the mid-eighteenth century was a major turning point in Protestant history. In England, Wesleyan Methodists became a separate denomination around 1795, and Welsh Calvinistic Methodists became independent of the Church of England in 1811. By this point, evangelicalism had emerged as a major religious force across the British Isles, making inroads among Anglicans as well as Irish and Scottish Presbyterians. Evangelical Dissent proliferated through thousands of Methodist, Baptist, and Congregational churches; even Quakers were strongly influenced by evangelical religion. The evangelicals were often at odds with each other over matters of doctrine (like the 'five points' of Calvinism); ecclesiology (including the status of the established church); politics (as they reacted in various ways to the American and French Revolutions); and worship (with the boisterous, extemporary style of Primitive Methodists contrasting sharply with the sober piety of many Anglican advocates of 'vital religion'). What they shared was a cross-centred, Bible-based piety that stressed conversion and stimulated evangelism. But how was this generic evangelical ethos adopted and reconfigured by different denominations and in very different social contexts? Can we categorise different styles of 'heart religion'? To what extent was evangelical piety dependent on the phenomenon of 'revival'? And what practical difference did it make to the experience of dying, to the parish community, or to denominational politics?This collection addresses these questions in innovative ways. It examines neglected manuscript and print sources, including handbooks of piety, translations and abridgements, conversion narratives, journals, letters, hymns, sermons, and obituaries. It offers a variety of approaches, reflecting a range of disciplinary expertise--historical, literary, and theological. Together, the contributions point towards a new account of the roots and branches of evangelical piety, and offer fresh ways of analysing the history of Protestant spirituality.
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Courtiers And The Court Of Louis Xiii, 1610-1643

de Marc W. S. Jaffre

~~109,96€~~ 98,96€ 10% IMEDIATO

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 Louis XIII's court has long been a fixture of popular culture, thanks in part to the many movie and TV adaptations of Alexandre Dumas's novel, The Three Musketeers. Yet it remains misunderstood, commonly mischaracterized as unimportant, or wholly subservient to the whims of Cardinal Richelieu. Seeking to correct this narrative, Marc W. S. Jaffre here offers a comprehensive analysis of the court's institutional, political, social, cultural, ceremonial, and financial development, emphasizing its very wide range of active participants, from the nobility, financiers, merchants, to lower ranking household members. The close study engages with the key issues of Louis's reign: the destabilizing role of the minister-favourite, Cardinal Richelieu; the turbulent family dynamics that led Louis to wage wars against his mother, his brother, and his cousins; the backdrop of war, both with the Huguenots and within the context of the Thirty Years War; and the rise of salon culture. In so doing, the court is shown to be a central, vibrant, and misunderstood element of early modern French history and culture. Courtiers, artisans, merchants, and financiers, among others, are shown to have played key roles in shaping the institutional, political, cultural, economic, and military framework of the court, and Louis XIII's reign more generally. In challenging the top-down paradigm prevalent in court studies, this monograph provides crucial correctives to the existing narrative that Louis XIII's court was weak or unimportant and simultaneously revises how early modern courts and their development have been understood historiographically.
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Courtiers And The Court Of Louis Xiii, 1610-1643

de Marc W. S. Jaffre

~~109,96€~~ 98,96€ 10% IMEDIATO

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 Louis XIII's court has long been a fixture of popular culture, thanks in part to the many movie and TV adaptations of Alexandre Dumas's novel, The Three Musketeers. Yet it remains misunderstood, commonly mischaracterized as unimportant, or wholly subservient to the whims of Cardinal Richelieu. Seeking to correct this narrative, Marc W. S. Jaffre here offers a comprehensive analysis of the court's institutional, political, social, cultural, ceremonial, and financial development, emphasizing its very wide range of active participants, from the nobility, financiers, merchants, to lower ranking household members. The close study engages with the key issues of Louis's reign: the destabilizing role of the minister-favourite, Cardinal Richelieu; the turbulent family dynamics that led Louis to wage wars against his mother, his brother, and his cousins; the backdrop of war, both with the Huguenots and within the context of the Thirty Years War; and the rise of salon culture. In so doing, the court is shown to be a central, vibrant, and misunderstood element of early modern French history and culture. Courtiers, artisans, merchants, and financiers, among others, are shown to have played key roles in shaping the institutional, political, cultural, economic, and military framework of the court, and Louis XIII's reign more generally. In challenging the top-down paradigm prevalent in court studies, this monograph provides crucial correctives to the existing narrative that Louis XIII's court was weak or unimportant and simultaneously revises how early modern courts and their development have been understood historiographically.
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Intellectuals And The Crisis Of Politics In The Interwar Period And Beyond - A Transnational History

de Balazs Trencsenyi

~~91,41€~~ 82,27€ 10% IMEDIATO

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 This volume offers a broad-ranging and comprehensive analysis of the history and theory of the political idea of 'crisis', from the interwar period through to the present day. It considers how the multiple crises of civilization, capitalism, social cohesion, liberalism, democracy, socialism, and the nation-state were conceptualized; how these spheres of crisis became entangled; and who the intellectuals, politicians and experts were who employed these discourses. Intellectuals and the Crisis of Politics in the Interwar Period and Beyond maps the range of meanings the term 'crisis' has borne and the roles it has performed across disciplines and countries, de-centering the dominant narrative that takes Western European positions and developments as normative. It especially focuses on the historical roots of two key contemporary contesters of liberal democracy: neoliberalism and populism, and presents an innovative analysis of the roots of contemporary illiberalism in Europe. Bringing these ideas into the present day, Balazs Trencsenyi offers ideas on how a reflective and self-critical liberal democratic political position could be defined and defended in our current predicament, which is increasingly compared to the interwar period and is often described as a polycrisis .
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