Resultados de Pesquisa

INGLÊS

Private Enforcement Of Ec Competition Law

de Jurgen Basedow

261,03€ + 10% EM CARTÃO

DISPONIBILIDADE IMEDIATA

 Among the topics and issues raised and discussed here are the following:<ul><li class=''copymedium''>the 2001 Courage judgment of the European Court of Justice, in which the court decided that everyone who suffers losses from a violation of arts. 81 or 82 EC is entitled to compensation;</li><li class=''copymedium''>relevance of the case law that contributes to general principles of European tort law;</li><li class=''copymedium''>comparative analysis from the more comprehensive experience of national laws in the United States, Germany, France, and Italy;</li><li class=''copymedium''>calculation of damages;</li><li class=''copymedium''>passing-on of losses sustained in an upstream market to customers in a downstream market;</li><li class=''copymedium''>procedural devices which may help to overcome the lack of implementation;</li><li class=''copymedium''>duties of disclosure and the burden of proof;</li><li class=''copymedium''>collective actions that may help to overcome the rational abstention of individuals;</li><li class=''copymedium''>pitfalls of leniency programmes implemented by national competition authorities; and</li><li class=''copymedium''>issues of jurisdiction and choice of law.</li></ul>The lively debates that followed the presentations at the conference are also recorded here.Although more discussion will be needed before a viable legal framework in this area begins to emerge, these ground-breaking contributions by lawyers of various disciplines, jurists, economists, academics, and European policymakers take a giant step forward. For lawyers, academics, and officials engaged with this important area of international law, this book clearly improves our understanding of the economic need and legal particularities which could generate an effective European system of private antitrust litigation.
INGLÊS

Civil Procedure Used For Enforcement Of Ec Competition Law By The English, French And German Civil Courts

de Brad Spitz e George Cumming

221,28€ + 10% EM CARTÃO

DISPONIBILIDADE IMEDIATA

 The authors show how basic principles—such as protection of the rights of the defence, legal certainty, and proper conduct of the procedure—facilitate the application of the doctrines of effectiveness and non-discrimination to those elements of the national procedure which impede in some manner the effective enforcement of Articles 81 and 82 EC. Their in-depth analysis ranges over procedural aspects of such elements as rules of evidence, costs, expert testimony, injunctions, burden of proof, limitations, and forms of compensation, ultimately leading them to propose clear modifications of certain rules of national procedure that go a long way toward ensuring adequately effective enforcement.
INGLÊS

Concise Guide To The Eu Anti-Dumping/Anti-Subsidies Procedures

de Themistoklis K. Giannakopoulos

204,05€ + 10% EM CARTÃO

DISPONIBILIDADE IMEDIATA

 Unfair trading practices such as dumping and the granting of subsidies have long been identified as threats to open markets. Yet despite decades of international trading rules, global markets are still jeopardized by practices which can cause material injury to industries and put employment at risk. The European Union has been a leader in its determination to ensure that its industries are not disadvantaged by such practices, that Community interests are defended, and that fair competition is restored where needed.The basic texts which form the legal basis of anti-dumping and anti-subsidy investigations in the Community entered into force in 1996 and 1997. The procedures developed in these texts, as amended, and in their corresponding regulations, are the subject of this extremely helpful guide. Practitioners who must follow these often complex procedures will find precise guidelines for the substantive determinations that must be made such as calculating the material injury, determining the cause of injury, and applying the Community interest test and then be able to move confidently through every procedural step, including the following:<ul><li class=''copymedium''>Initial complaint</li><li>Questionnaires</li><li class=''copymedium''>Confrontation meetings and oral hearings</li><li class=''copymedium''>Investigations by Commission official;</li><li class=''copymedium''>Offer and acceptance /rejection of undetaking;</li><li class=''copymedium''>Commenting on the Commission''s provisional decision</li><li class=''copymedium''>Requesting review of measures and refunds and</li><li class=''copymedium''>Judicial review</li></ul>Throughout the presentation the author describes relevant cases and actual measures taken. Tables of cases and measures as well as a bibliography are included.Business people and their counsel, whether engaged in trade within the EU or between any country and an EU Member State, will benefit enormously from the detailed guidance offered in this incomparable volume. The book will also be invaluable to academics and policymakers as an unclouded analysis of anti-dumping/anti-subsidies procedures under EC law.
INGLÊS

Innovation And Competition In The Digital Network Economy - A Legal And Economic Assessment On Multy-Tying Practices And Network Effects

de Jung Wook Cho

233,20€ + 10% EM CARTÃO

DISPONIBILIDADE IMEDIATA

 Through an in-depth analysis of the Korea Fair Trade Commission (KFTC) case—which led to a December 2005 decision, currently under appeal at the Seoul High Court, condemning three fundamental tying practices embedded in Microsoft’s global business strategy—the author clearly establishes the precise nature of Microsoft’s anticompetitive practices, complete with clear technical descriptions of the underlying applications and digital media systems. The discussion develops valuable guidelines on such core issues as the following:•network effect, tipping effect, and lock-in effect•separability of Microsoft’s tied and tying products•forced purchase by consumers of multiple tied products•Microsoft’s reinforcement of market entry barriers•Microsoft’s "normal business practice" defense•cumulative damage to consumers’ interestsThe book’s ultimate legal and economic assessment clarifies ways in which government competition authorities can select from globally available options on a case-by-case basis, enforce re-pricing measures, avoid belated remedies, and continuously monitor new types of anticompetitive conduct.
INGLÊS

Mergers And Acquisitions - The Industrial Organization Perspective

de Duarte Brito e Margarida CatalãO-Lopes

172,25€ + 10% EM CARTÃO

DISPONIBILIDADE IMEDIATA

 Drawing on twenty years of merger analysis literature, this single source offers practical solutions to a wide range of problems faced by specialists working in the field of mergers and acquisitions. The authors take an industrial organization approach in which effects on profits, on consumer surplus and on overall welfare are of greatest relevance. The focus is primarily on horizontal mergers, although vertical and conglomerate mergers are addressed when producers of complementary goods are involved. Among the issues and elements examined, the authors provide answers to the following: ;<ul><li class=''copymedium''>How does a merger affect the insider firm''s profitabifity?</li><li class=''copymedium''>Why may outsiders stock market value increase or decrease following a merger?</li><li class=''copymedium''>What are the expected welfare effects of a merger?</li><li class=''copymedium''>What sort of arguments can be used for merger defense? How do economists model the firm''s merging decision?</li><li class=''copymedium''>How can the authorities simulate the price effects of a horizontal merger?</li><li class=''copymedium''>Is post-merger entry likely to compensate the effects of a merger?</li></ul>The discussion proceeds from an analysis of the simplest exercise of market power to evermore complex merger environments. In their detailed coverage of policy evaluation of proposed acquisitions, the authors provide a merger simulation toolkit which can be applied to important recent judicial decisions in the field. This book will be of great value not only to academics in microeconomics and industrial organization, but also to lawyers and officials seeking expert practical guidance in the business or administrative responsibilities surrounding mergers and acquisitions.
INGLÊS

Economic Analyses Of Vertical Agreements - A Self-Assessment

de Doris Hildebrand

204,05€ + 10% EM CARTÃO

DISPONIBILIDADE IMEDIATA

 Provides a clarification of the steps, tests, determinations, and evaluations entailed in assessing vertical agreements, when an individual examination under Article 81 EC Treaty is required. This book explains vertical restraints and their components; distribution agreements; channel strategies; single branding; and free rider rationale.
INGLÊS

Unfair Competition Law - European Union And Member States

de Frauke Henning-Bodewig

238,50€ + 10% EM CARTÃO

DISPONIBILIDADE IMEDIATA

 The book delineates, with extraordinary clarity and precision, the working of unfair competition law throughout the European Union. Its four comprehensive chapters encompass: basic considerations of definition, subject matter, enforcement, and applicable law: international provisions under the Paris convention, TRIPS, and WIPO model law; analysis of relevant EC directives and regulations and ECJ jurisprudence; and extensive discussions of the national unfair competition laws of all 25 Member States. For each Member State, specific topics covered include such considerations as the following: sources of law; competition law in a nutshell; regulation of advertising; direct marketing; sales promotion; risk of confusion; disparagement, defamation; misappropriation, imitation; impediment of competitors; and breach of the law. The author also provides a selected bibliography of sources for each country. It would be difficult to find a more useful analysis of European Unfair Competition Law than this systematic study. It is practical, thorough, clarifying, and readable, all at the same time. The author untangles the most complex of apparent contradictions with impressive skill. Copies of this book will quickly take their places on the working shelves of interested practitioners, academics, and officials throughout Europe.
INGLÊS

Eu Competition Law And Regulation In The Converging Telecommunications, Media And It Sectors

de Nikos Th. Nikolinakos

361,73€ + 10% EM CARTÃO

DISPONIBILIDADE IMEDIATA

 This book presents the most thoroughgoing model yet offered to ensure the emergence of a genuinely competitive electronic communications industry in Europe. In the course of its in-depth analysis the discussion focuses on such factors as the following: EU telecommunications policy as revealed in liberalization and harmonization legislative measures; the EU electronic communications framework; case law covering issues of refusal to supply and the essential facilities doctrine; application of Article 82 EC to bottlenecks; specific types of an undertakings unilateral behaviour that may often occupy NRAs and competition authorities in the context of their ex post competition law investigations under Article 82 EC; strategic alliances and mergers in the move toward multimedia; access to premium content and the emergence of new media; the scope of content regulation in the online environment; and broadband (regulation of local loop unbundling and bitstream access). The book also provides practical guidance on issues concerning the complicated market definition and analysis mechanism promulgated by the European Commission''s Recommendation and Guidelines.
INGLÊS

Latin American Competition Law And Policy - A Policy In Search Of Identity

de Ignacio De Leon

241,15€ + 10% EM CARTÃO

DISPONIBILIDADE IMEDIATA

 Thanks to the strategy of apertura that has characterized economic policy throughout Latin America since the debt crisis, foreign investment is on the rise and a significant degree of economic stability has been achieved. In the global arena, however, the enormous promise of Latin American trade remains only partially realized, as policy makers in the region struggle to design a fair level playing field for encouraging sustained and equitable development, through implementing transparent regulatory business environments across the region. Competition policy has accordingly become a major regulatory issue in both individual Latin American countries and in regional cooperation arrangements.In considering the development of the "second generation" of regulatory policy initiatives implemented in the region, this important book analyzes the role of competition policy in the promotion of successful and sustained economic development. Examples of the vital and diverse aspects of the region''s competition policy agenda covered are:<ul><li>• comparative assessments of the legal regime of different Latin American countries for dealing with business restrictive practices, including cartels, vertical restraints, market foreclosures and mergers;</li><li>• the increasing introduction of competition principles in the promotion of institutional reforms in the promotion of investments and technology, privatization processes, antidumping policy and trade remedies, and the regulation of public utilities;</li><li>• the institutional factors influencing the relationship between competition authorities and other regulatory agencies;</li><li>• the governance factors determining the agenda of competition policy enforcement;</li><li>• the impact of international competition principles on the policy agenda of Latin American competition authorities, in the context of the WTO, the FTAA and regional economic integration agreements.</li></ul>The author combines the legal description of the jurisdictions reviewed with the analytical tools of institutional economics, to give a fully rounded picture of this complex and evolving subject. As a result, Latin American Competition Law and Policy stands out as a fundamental resource for all world trade professionals at a time when Latin America''s presence in the global economy is rapidly assuming greater dimensions.
INGLÊS

M&A In Belgium

141,78€ + 10% EM CARTÃO

DISPONIBILIDADE IMEDIATA

 This guide aims to be concise, but not superficial, practical, but fully alert to the hidden dangers of applicable law. A notable feature is the emphasis on particular Belgian practice in such specific areas as representations and warranties, purchasers' and sellers' protection.
INGLÊS

International And Comparative Competition Laws And Policies

214,65€ + 10% EM CARTÃO

DISPONIBILIDADE IMEDIATA

 This book explores the prospects for competition policy, its likely development, and its ever-more-central role in the world trade regime.
INGLÊS

Competition Policy In Global Trading System

261,03€ + 10% EM CARTÃO

DISPONIBILIDADE IMEDIATA

 Based on a conference of national authorities and leading scholars in antitrust and competition law and policy, the text presents 20 essays which together provide an in-depth assessment of achievements and impasses, as well as a variety of possible ways forward.
INGLÊS

Globalization And The Limits Of National Merger Control Laws

de Joseph Wilson

259,70€ + 10% EM CARTÃO

DISPONIBILIDADE IMEDIATA

 Companies today pursue their goals with little regard for national borders. However, it remains true that business activity is regulated to a significant extent by each national jurisdiction. This is particularly true of mergers; as anyone knows who has ever been involved in a transnational merger in multiple jurisdictions, the knottiest problems and issues arise from variations in national competition and merger laws.This extremely valuable new book offers an in-depth proposal for an international merger control regime that is firmly grounded in and supported by a framework of economic and legal theory. It arrives at its conclusions along three major avenues:<ul><li>• a study of the concepts of global public good and consumer welfare that underliethe progress of globalization;<li>• detailed analyses of the two most important and highly developed merger law</li>systems, those of the European Union and the United States; and</li><li>• a systematic and comprehensive review of the major existing proposals, both institutional and scholarly, for an international merger control regime.</li></ul>A special chapter is devoted to the complex custodial role of the World Trade Organization, both in its present activity and as is envisioned in various proposals for global competition law.Globalization and the Limits of National Merger Control Laws takes a significant step toward breaking down one of the last and most intransigent barriers to global free trade. It will be avidly studied and put to use by business lawyers and policymakers everywhere, and will quickly take its place as a fundamental work for teachers and students of international trade and international relations.
INGLÊS

Future Development Of Competition Framework

249,10€ + 10% EM CARTÃO

DISPONIBILIDADE IMEDIATA

 In the march of economic globalization it has become increasingly apparent that divergence in competition policy from one country to another is a major stumbling block. More than any other factor, an international consensus of competition laws is sure to facilitate the clear working interaction among trade, investment, intellectual property rights, and technology transfer that economic progress demands. This forward-looking book offers presents insightful perspectives on how this consensus may be achieved.The Future Development of Competition Framework presents papers and speeches by well-known competition law practitioners versed in competition law and policy, including representatives of national competition authorities. They came from a variety of countries - including France, Germany, Canada, Mexico, Indonesia, Malaysia, Russia, Japan, Australia, Taiwan, Korea and the United States - to attend a 2003 conference sponsored by the Taiwan Fair Trade Commission. The book reproduces texts of the various contributions to the conference, including a roundtable discussion. Among the topics addressed are the following:<ul><li>- mergers and acquisitions;</li><li>- political interests;</li><li>- enforcement policies and sanctions;</li><li>- national cultures and traditions;</li><li>- international cartels;</li><li>- regional cooperation;</li><li>- concentration indexes and dominance indexes;</li><li>- patent pools;</li><li>- financial deregulation;</li><li>- confidentiality measures;</li><li>- technical assistance;</li><li>- striking the right balance between competition and regulation;</li><li>- reconciling competition policy and development policies.</li></ul>Although they are especially valuable for their concentration on the Asia Pacific countries, these discussions will be of incalculable value to practitioners and academics everywhere who are involved in any of the interconnected branches of economic law or policy covered here.
INGLÊS

Ec Merger Control Regulation: Rights Of Defence - A Critical Analysis Of Dg Comp Practice And Community Courts'' Jurisprudence

de Mihalis Kekelekis

246,45€ + 10% EM CARTÃO

DISPONIBILIDADE IMEDIATA

 Merger control constitutes a well-established pillar of EU competition law. However, the drafters of the Community competition merger legislation, in view of the need to attain the imperative goal of market integration, put more emphasis on the clarification of the substantive rules applied by the Commission through enhancing its supervisory powers than on the necessity for protecting the defendant parties or any involved third parties in merger proceedings. Here for the first time is an in-depth analysis of the rights of notifying parties and third parties in merger proceedings, as reflected in the administrative practice of the Commission and the case law of the Community courts.Following a detailed exposition of the operation of the Merger Regulation and its procedures, this study covers not only the generally approved fundamental rights, such as the right to be heard or the right to access the Commission''s file, but also all the other procedural rights involved in merger proceedings, such as the right of notifying parties to propose commitments outside the time-limit required. It examines the rights of the parties from the pre-notification stage through the first and second phases of the proceedings, with particular emphasis on notification, preliminary investigation, statement of objections, access to the file, oral hearing, commitments, and adoption of the final decision.Among the issues covered in depth are:<ul><li>- the value of pre-notification meetings;</li><li>- preparation of the Form CO and the danger of incompleteness;</li><li>- derogation procedure;</li><li>- commitments procedure in phase one and phase two investigations;</li><li>- statement of objections, reply and time-linits;</li><li>- limits to access to the file and oral hearing; and</li><li>- the concept of ''sufficient interest''.</li></ul>The study culminates with recommendations for reform of, and improvement in, the rights of notifying parties and third parties, including amendments to the Regulation and a further suggestion for the adoption of a Notice providing guidance on how the rights of these parties should be taken into account in merger proceedings.Avaluable set of annexes includes the texts of the Merger Regulation, its implementing Commission Regulation, the DG Competition Best Practices on the Conduct of EC merger control proceedings, as well as indicative diagrams of the first and second phase of the EC merger proceedings.As a detailed examination of the rights of notifying parties and third parties in EC merger proceedings, and an important blueprint for detailing the rights of these parties, this study will be of immeasurable value for practitioners and business people involved in European business merger activities, as well as for interested academics.
INGLÊS

Japanese Antitrust Law Manual - Law, Cases And Interpretation Of The Japanese Antimonopoly Act

de Akira Inoue

251,75€ + 10% EM CARTÃO

DISPONIBILIDADE IMEDIATA

 Japanese antitrust law stems from virtually the verbatim adoption of United States antitrust law during the occupation years following World War II. However, distinctive Japanese elements have emerged with major amendments to the original Japanese Antimonopoly Act (JAA) in 1953, 1977, and 2005, with the result that Japanese antitrust law stands today as a uniquely important body of legislation and case law playing a significant role in international trade.This in-depth commentary by an internationally known practitioner and authority in the field fully details both the substance and procedure of the JAA, with close analyses of all the important cases that have been decided over the years. Among the crucial factors covered are the following:<ul><li>- details of the 1953, 1977, and 2005 amendments with their rationales;</li><li>- the special JAA conception of ''unfair trade practice'';</li><li>- judicial interpretations of key terms in the law;</li><li>- interpretation of rules governing resale pricing and sales method restriction;</li><li>- merger regulations and guidelines;</li><li>- the role of the Japanese Fair Trade Commission (JFTC);</li><li>- administrative procedure;</li><li>- judicial review;</li><li>- awards; and</li><li>- extraterritorial application of the JAA.</li></ul>Especially valuable is a detailed sample compliance manual anticipating applicable contingencies likely to be encountered by any firm doing business in Japan. An appendix provides English texts of the JAA as amended, as well as important regulatory documents.This book will prove indispensable to business people and their counsel, and of great value to students and teachers of antitrust and competition law. It is a source to be consulted again and again, both for precise answers to specific questions and for keen insight into the workings of this complex body of law.
INGLÊS

Guide To The Ec Block Exemption For Vertical Agreements

de Martin Mendelsohn e Stephen Rose

234,53€ + 10% EM CARTÃO

DISPONIBILIDADE IMEDIATA

 This text provides a comprehensive and practical commentary on the changed rules to the revised EC policy on the application of competition law to vertical agreements. The policy changes are important for companies doing business in the European Union.
INGLÊS

Merger Control In Europe - Eu, Member States And Accession States

249,10€ + 10% EM CARTÃO

DISPONIBILIDADE IMEDIATA

 Merger control in Europe has continued to evolve rapidly. In addition to significant changes in the national merger control regimes in Denmark, France, Germany, the United Kingdom, and Portugal, a new EU Merger Regulation is expected to enter into force on 1 May 2004 - a measure that will launch the most far-reaching reform of European merger control since the adoption of the EC Merger Regulation in December 1989. This updated edition of the pre-eminent work in the field offers practitioners expert guidance through the next phase of this crucial aspect of business and economic activity in Europe.Like earlier editions, this new edition of Merger Control in Europe introduces practitioners and interested academics to the issues of merger control which are relevant when preparing an acquisition within the European Union. In order to provide insight into problem areas at each national level, and to allow possible comparisons, it includes a chapter on each of the 14 EU countries with a merger control regime, as well as one on the EU itself. In addition, as a first step towards the expected enlargement of the European Union in 2004, this new edition welcomes contributions on Hungary, Poland, the Czech Republic, and Cyprus.For each jurisdiction, the major elements of merger control law - the definition of concentration, control or notification thresholds, procedure, and substantive test clearance or appraisal, as well as other issues unique to each country - are all covered in some detail. For any of the jurisdictions, the practitioner will quickly be able to determine the precise scope of such important considerations as the following:<ul><li>• concept of concentration;</li><li>• notification requirements;</li><li>• procedural time-frame;</li><li>• sanctions for violation of procedural rules;</li><li>• special rules governing banks, building and loan associations, the media sector, insurance, and other specific areas of business;</li><li>• political intervention possibilities;</li><li>• publicity and confidentiality;</li><li>• consultation of works council;</li><li>• co-operation within the framework of the European Competition Authorities (ECA);</li><li>• test for clearance;</li><li>• economic benefits and disadvantages analysis;</li><li>• what constitutes substantial lessening of competition;</li><li>• remedies (both behavioural and structural); and</li><li>• appeal against decisions regarding the test for clearance.</li></ul>Each chapter, written by one or more practising lawyers from major European law firms, is expertly grounded in the relevant law and takes into account changes in legislation and recent decisions. The book also contains a detailed introductory 20-page chart allowing readers to compare the basic elements of merger control law in all of the countries covered and in the EU.Like its three predecessors, this 4th Edition of Merger Control in Europe will quickly become the most relied-upon handbook in the field for business people and their counsel doing business in Europe.
INGLÊS

Competition Rules For The 21st Century - Principles From America''S Experience

de Ky P. Ewing

327,28€ + 10% EM CARTÃO

DISPONIBILIDADE IMEDIATA

 Originally written to wide acclaim in 2001, Ky Ewing''s magisterial work on international competition law is here updated to take stock of the prodigious expansion of anti-cartel enforcement throughout the world in the intervening years, and of the extraordinary success of the International Competition Network of agencies, now encompassing 97 competition agencies from an initial beginning in the Fall of 2001 - as an outgrowth in part of the judgments and recommendations of this able practitioner, espoused at the 2001 Ditchley Park conference of which Ewing was a co-chair. Yet the work''s fundamental thesis has not changed: that re-evaluation of competition policies in the light of empirical evidence is fundamental to assuring that competition law delivers what it promises: freer markets and greater economic growth.Although the book has been highly regarded as a major reconsideration of the foundations of competition law and policy, it has also proven enormously valuable for its wealth of information and practical guidance. Among its most useful features (some new to the second edition) are the following:<ul><li>- a vast amount of statistical and other information about public competition law enforcement agencies and their resources around the world;</li><li>- in-depth analysis of the differences in competition law regimes and the various economic and legal theories from which they derive;</li><li>- detailed attention to jurisprudence and legal commentary over many decades;</li><li>- probing of the meaning of ''low'' and ''fair'' as applied to prices;</li><li>- suggestions for carrying out re-evaluation of policies on the basis of empirical evidence;</li><li>- formulation of a model new U.S. competition law preempting state laws; and</li><li>- guidelines on distinguishing useful collaboration from collusive activity.</li></ul>Nine new appendices have been added to this edition, covering such informative material as new statistical data about U.S. enforcement, details on the dramatic cooperation now taking place among nations in anti-cartel enforcement, and suggestions on how companies and practitioners should respond to multinational investigations.This new edition of a highly thoughtful and thought-provoking classic should be on the shelves of all competition lawyers and economists, irrespective of whether they are legislators, law enforcers, private attorneys or scholars, in developed, developing, or transition economies. Based on the distinguished author''s half-century of outstanding experience in public and private competition law enforcement, it is an excellent guide for both newcomers and experts in the field. Conscientious use of this book will go a long way toward achieving the efficient and harmonious economies upon which many countries are staking their prosperity or even survival.
INGLÊS

Private Enforcement Of Ec Competition Law

261,03€ + 10% EM CARTÃO

DISPONIBILIDADE IMEDIATA

 The European Commission’s recent Green Paper on damages actions for breach of EC antitrust rules stirred a debate across Europe on the need for legal reform that would encourage private plaintiffs to claim compensation for losses suffered as a result of anticompetitive conduct. Prominent in the wake of that initiative was the international conference convened by the Max Planck Institute for Comparative and International Private Law in Hamburg in April 2006, the papers and proceedings of which are presented in this important book.Among the topics and issues raised and discussed here are the following:<ul><li>- the 2001 Courage judgment of the European Court of Justice, in which the court decided that everyone who suffers losses from a violation of arts. 81 or 82 EC is entitled to compensation;</li><li>- relevance of the case law that contributes to general principles of European tort law;</li><li>- comparative analysis from the more comprehensive experience of national laws in the United States, Germany, France, and Italy;</li><li>- calculation of damages;</li><li>- passing-on of losses sustained in an upstream market to customers in a downstream market;</li><li>- procedural devices which may help to overcome the lack of implementation;</li><li>- duties of disclosure and the burden of proof;</li><li>- collective actions that may help to overcome the rational abstention of individuals;</li><li>- pitfalls of leniency programmes implemented by national competition authorities; and</li><li>- issues of jurisdiction and choice of law.</li></ul>The lively debates that followed the presentations at the conference are also recorded here.Although more discussion will be needed before a viable legal framework in this area begins to emerge, these ground-breaking contributions by lawyers of various disciplines, jurists, economists, academics, and European policymakers take a giant step forward. For lawyers, academics, and officials engaged with this important area of international law, this book clearly improves our understanding of the economic need and legal particularities which could generate an effective European system of private antitrust litigation.
INGLÊS

Medical Education For The Future - Identity, Power And Location

de Bleakley Alan Bleakley, Bligh John Bligh e Browne Julie Browne

ESGOTADO OU NÃO DISPONÍVEL
INGLÊS

Subnational Population Estimates

de Swanson David A. Swanson e Tayman Jeff Tayman

ESGOTADO OU NÃO DISPONÍVEL
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International Migration And The Future Of Populations And Labour In Europe

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INGLÊS

Household And Living Arrangement Projections - The Extended Cohort-Component Method And Applications To The U.S. And China

de Gu Danan Gu, Land Kenneth C. Land e Zeng Yi Zeng

ESGOTADO OU NÃO DISPONÍVEL
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