Resultados de Pesquisa

INGLÊS

Tipping The Boundaries: Health And Well-Being Of Sustainable Development

~~304,75€~~ 274,28€ 10% IMEDIATO

DISPONIBILIDADE IMEDIATA

 This book is intended to tackle a number of urgent issues, such as social stability, public health, climate change, technology, peace and security and the growing needs for energy, food, and shelter. It offers a comprehensive knowledge of a number of topics, such as the efficiency of voluntary carbon markets in reducing climate change, the effects of chemicals on biodiversity, the difficulties associated with waste management, and creative farming methods to counteract salinity in the soil. Every chapter provides information on the sustainable development in ways to equate, redress and eradicate problems from the grassroots.
INGLÊS

Future Of Universal Health Insurance

~~212,00€~~ 190,80€ 10% IMEDIATO

DISPONIBILIDADE IMEDIATA

 The achievement of universal health coverage (UHC) for all individuals and communities has become a major goal in many countries as United Nations set it as one of the Sustainable Development Goals’ target. Each country’s experience offers priceless insights into the current and future challenges and opportunities, as well as methods for surmounting barriers on the path to adopting UHC. This book aims to collect and evaluate events of less developed, developing, and low- and middle-income countries to deliver a broad viewpoint on the global future of universal health coverage.
INGLÊS

Handbook Of Data Analysis Of Electronic Health Records (Ehr) Using Sas Software

de Behrouz Ehsani-Moghaddam

125,88€ + 10% EM CARTÃO

DISPONIBILIDADE IMEDIATA

 Electronic Health Records (EHR) are longitudinal data that are stored in a database that captures current and new patients at different points in time. Since EHR data come from multiple different vendors and open-source products, they can be messy, inconsistent, and often need to be harmonized and reformatted properly before they can provide real-world insights about patients using statistical techniques. This book goes beyond the general data manipulation, viewing the data analysis issues in a wider and more practical context. It covers all major steps of analysis of EHR data, even those instructions that cannot be taught in any classroom. The reader can have hands-on experience using the codes that are provided in the book and by utilizing the accompanying data that are available for free. This book is not restricted to one specific discipline but rather will be of interest to scientists working in any area where analyzing electronic public health data using SAS program is necessary. The material is aimed at the reader who are already familiar with applied statistics at an undergraduate level or higher.
INGLÊS

Future Of U.S. Health Care? Corporate Power Vs. The Common Good

de John Geyman

125,88€ + 10% EM CARTÃO

DISPONIBILIDADE IMEDIATA

 Despite spending more for health care than any other country in the world, the U. S. has a health care system that compares poorly with other advanced countries in terms of access, cost, and quality of care. With so many Americans being unable to afford essential care, this problem has reached crisis proportions for much of our population. As a result, health care will continue to be a front burner issue in the forthcoming 2022 and 2024 election cycles. Today we have a corporatized medical-industrial complex that has resisted recurrent reform attempts over the years. It has become too big and complex for responsible government to rein in its excesses. The COVID-19 pandemic has further exposed its fragmentation and barriers to care. The traditional service ethic of health care has been replaced by profiteering of Wall Street corporate interests and investors seeking maximal profits vs the common good. Still controversial in this country is whether health care is a human right or a privilege based on ability to pay. Other advanced countries around the world have long since built their health care systems on the basis of universal coverage ensured by government. The future of health care depends on fundamental reform. It will require winning the battle between Wall Street/corporate America and Main Street that we cannot afford to lose. This book has three goals: (1) to bring historical perspective to how the medical-industrial complex has evolved to its present strangle-hold over health care comprising one-sixth of the nation’s economy; (2) to describe the shortfalls of our supposed system in terms of access, cost, inequities, and unacceptable quality, and how past reform attempts have failed; and (3) to consider two major scenarios for reform, together with political forces for and against each and their projected outcomes. Since present trends are unsustainable, we can only hope for positive moves toward reform, as will be described.
INGLÊS

End-Of-Life Care: Perspectives And Issues

108,65€ + 10% EM CARTÃO

DISPONIBILIDADE IMEDIATA

 End-of-life care, within critical care, continues to be a controversial topic. Patients who arrive in critical care units tend to suffer from an extensive range of diseases/injuries, and almost always in critical life-threatening condition or after high-risk surgery. This compilation examines issues that are particularly salient to end-of-life care for people living in poverty, particularly homeless individuals. This is a unique perspective in the examination and discussion of end-of-life issues. An out-of-hospital death and dying trend has occurred in most developed countries in recent years, with less than 50% of deaths taking place in acute care hospitals. As such, the authors stress the importance pf recognizing where deaths are occurring, as well as what death in every location means for the dying person.
INGLÊS

Mobile Health: Advances In Research And Applications - Volume Ii

212,00€ + 10% EM CARTÃO

DISPONIBILIDADE IMEDIATA

 This book will explain the rapidly emerging mobile health perspective, the emergence of integrated platforms and hosted third-party tools, and the development of decentralized applications for various research domains. It presents various applications that are helpful for research scholars and scientists who are working toward identifying the potential of as well as the hindrances to mobile health. The wide variety of topics it presents offers readers multiple perspectives on a variety of disciplines. The aim of this edited book is to publish the latest research advancements in the convergence of automation technology, artificial intelligence, biomedical engineering, and health informatics. This will help readers grasp the essence of the recent advances in this field.
INGLÊS

Novel Perspectives In Economics Of Personalized Medicine And Healthcare Systems

410,75€ + 10% EM CARTÃO

DISPONIBILIDADE IMEDIATA

 This book represents a valuable interdisciplinary contribution created to fill an existing gap in the field of health economics and healthcare systems. The book brings the latest insights from the growing field of health economics and healthcare systems. It deals with various economic, technological, sociological, ethical, legal and philosophical implications and questions arising from the development and implementation of personalized medicine. It is unprecedented in combining practical guidelines for the use of economic tools and techniques with an analysis of the current process of decision-making in the health service sector. The book also provides several insights into the factors that determine human health, the socioeconomic aspects of population aging and the social implications of the evolving burden of disease. Some contributions are highly innovative and cover extremely relevant branches of medicine such as oncology, neurology and endocrinology. In addition, in a brave, yet professional and sovereign manner, the book covers the issue of biological predictors of health outcomes; though they are currently mainly used as global analytical methods, they are yet to be applied or have only recently been applied in clinical medicine. Further, it provides an example from traditional Korean medicine, a proven and valuable tool for personalized medical healthcare. This edition is unique in the sense that 30 chapters were written by 41 authors, all of them experts in their respective fields of research. The authors hail from Croatia, Hungary, South Korea and the United States. The volume is intended to serve as valuable teaching material for university students, as well as a reference book for research scholars, policymakers, business executives, health managers, physicians and freelance readers.
INGLÊS

Driving Hospitals Towards Performance: Practical Managerial Guidance To Reach The &Quote;Perfect Symphony&Quote;

de Irene Gabutti

125,88€ + 10% EM CARTÃO

DISPONIBILIDADE IMEDIATA

 Hospitals, just like orchestras, are made up of many "instruments" which play their notes on their own, yet within a broader symphony. If even one instrument fails in doing its part, or if the orchestra director leaves even one of them behind, the overall symphony will just not sound right and the final performance will be ruined. This book is aimed at providing practical guidance to hospital managers who are called to implement complex organizational transformations. In doing so, they must take into account a high number of managerial tools and dynamics which should not be overlooked. Failing to do so may negatively affect their long-term success in reaching strategic objectives. Hospitals do not have violins, drums, and trumpets, but they do have departments, clinical wards, clinical pathways, and functional units. Moreover, their professionals must carry out different activities such as assisting patients, reporting their actions, communicating and, more and more frequently, managing parts of the hospitals themselves. Not only physicians are in charge of these aspects. Nurses and other clinical and non-clinical professionals are co-responsible, facing frequent changes in the number and type of activities they must perform. In this context, hospital managers must design organizational charts and implement them by distributing resources and responsibilities, by setting and monitoring objectives, and by assessing the performance of units. They must motivate their staff and ensure an effective use of technology. Yet, although healthcare management is widely studied worldwide, it is rare to find contributions with such a broad and holistic point of view. Although each aspect and item of hospital management is key in reaching organizational success, the risk of overlooking one or more of them is high. Specifically, if management fails in directing all its tools towards its objectives, the chances of reaching outstanding performance are poor. Managerial tools must be used in an integrated and coherent way as multiple components of a single managerial strategy.
INGLÊS

Blockchain And Health: Transformation Of Care And Impact Of Digitalization

304,75€ + 10% EM CARTÃO

DISPONIBILIDADE IMEDIATA

 The secure storage of medical records is vital to any healthcare system. Relying solely on centralized servers increases the likelihood of sensitive information going public. Transparency and increased security of Blockchain technology make it an ideal platform for storing medical records. Patients can safely store their privacy-sensitive information by securing their data on a Blockchain using cryptography. This enables them to share their medical information with any healthcare institution with their approval. The healthcare system is currently very fragmented, but if all users were to use a secure global database, the flow of information between them would be much faster. A great advantage of a global database is that clients do not have to tell their story every time. A medical specialist, for example, can see exactly what a patient has been through and what treatments and examinations have taken place. The information is also available in real time to the healthcare professional the client has indicated to have access to his file. A new revolution is taking place that is clearly different from the third industrial revolution (Internet, communication, and globalization). This fourth industrial revolution involves a fusion of technologies such as biotechnology, nanotechnology, artificial intelligence, robotics, the Internet of Things, cloud computing and Blockchain. Our healthcare society is also changing fundamentally, also under the influence of COVID-19. With this book in three chapters, we present the impact of Blockchain and digitization in healthcare with (1) a systematic literature review om implementing blockchain solutions in health care and organizational consequences, (2) Blockchain in health care and (3) transformation of elderly care and impact of digitalization.
INGLÊS

Environmental Health In Malaysia

304,75€ + 10% EM CARTÃO

DISPONIBILIDADE IMEDIATA

 Malaysia’s political stability and economic prosperity have contributed towards its growing population comprising of residents and an influx of laborers from other countries including Indonesia, Bangladesh and Myanmar. Malaysia now hosts a population of 32 million from which an estimated 3 million are migrants that support the agricultural and electronic sectors. This book highlights the current health related issues in Malaysia including those zoonotic diseases and non-communicable diseases that are unique and common to tropical countries. Other environmental factors that have positive and negative impacts on health such as medical constituents from local plants are also discussed.
INGLÊS

Mobile Health: Advances In Research And Applications

304,75€ + 10% EM CARTÃO

DISPONIBILIDADE IMEDIATA

 This book will discuss diverse topics to explain the rapidly emerging and evolving mobile health and artificial perspective, the emergence of integrated platforms and hosted third-party tools, and the development of decentralized applications for various research domains. It presents various applications that are helpful for research scholars and scientists who are working toward identifying and pinpointing the potential of as well as the hindrances to mHealth. The wide variety in topics it presents offers readers multiple perspectives on a variety of disciplines. The aim of this edited book is to publish the latest research advancements in the convergence of automation technology, artificial intelligence, biomedical engineering and health informatics. This will help readers to grasp the extensive point of view and the essence of recent advances in this field. This book solicits contributions which include theory, case studies and computing paradigms pertaining to healthcare applications. The prospective audience comprises researchers, professionals, practitioners, and students from academia and industry who work in this field.
INGLÊS

Preexisting Conditions And Healthcare Coverage

304,75€ + 10% EM CARTÃO

DISPONIBILIDADE IMEDIATA

 In the context of healthcare in the United States, a pre-existing condition is a medical condition that started before a person''s health insurance went into effect. A pre-existing condition can be something as common as high blood pressure or allergies, or as serious as cancer, type 2 diabetes, or asthma—chronic health problems that affect a large portion of the population. Americans with preexisting conditions need health insurance. This book looks at the legislation concerning preexisting conditions.
INGLÊS

Immunizing The Human Body: The Role Of Non-Descript And Traditional Edible Green Leaves

de A.B. Sharangi

258,38€ + 10% EM CARTÃO

DISPONIBILIDADE IMEDIATA

 The entire human civilization is now facing the disastrous impact of the pandemic. It seems to pose an apocalyptic consequence unless there is a vaccine in existence. Out of so many options, one option is creating immunity in the absence of a real vaccine. So immunizing human health and life can be and would be the most important option in combating COVID-19. Now the question is how to build up this hard immunity. The present book takes into account accumulated facts, information and technology to describe green vegetables as a fresh source and booster of human immunity free from application of pernicious chemicals in the form of pesticides, fertilizers etc. The food should be strong enough to contribute to one''s immunity. The authors hope that this book will create a long-lasting impact, away from the classical way of building immunity.
INGLÊS

Journey To Universal Health Insurance Coverage: What Are The Lessons For Uganda And The Other Lmic?

212,00€ + 10% EM CARTÃO

DISPONIBILIDADE IMEDIATA

 Access to healthcare is a universal human right and universal health insurance is one of the instruments towards attainment of universal health coverage. Universal health insurance has been proven to reduce catastrophic episodes at the point of receipt of healthcare to millions of households. This book elaborates on the Uganda’s Journey to universal health insurance coverage and provides lessons that apply to other LMICs. The book elucidates Uganda’s health financing system and details the proposed national health insurance schemes. Besides the local achievements, reference is also made to global success stories of Rwanda, Ghana, Tanzania, China, among others. Practitioners in similar settings will find this book handy in designing or operating appropriate health financing mechanisms. This book will further contribute towards global development of universal health coverage and subsequently ensure healthy lives and promote wellbeing.
INGLÊS

Patient Satisfaction: Determinants, Psychological Implications And Impact On Quality Of Life

108,65€ + 10% EM CARTÃO

DISPONIBILIDADE IMEDIATA

 Patient Satisfaction: Determinants, Psychological Implications and Impact on Quality of Life first provides an in-depth, evidence-based review of the patient outcomes associated with patient experience measures across a wide range of specialties and settings. The authors describe the instruments used to assess patient and family satisfaction, focusing on the presentation of various factors related to satisfaction in the field of child and adolescent psychiatry. Current literature on the factors which impact patient quality of life are explored and reviewed in the context of breast reconstruction, using assessment tools such as the BREAST-Q.
INGLÊS

Essential Anatomy Of The Doctor: Patient Relationship, With Narrative Illustrations

de Herbert Keating

212,00€ + 10% EM CARTÃO

DISPONIBILIDADE IMEDIATA

 To derive benefit from medical care, a patient must be able to trust the physician. This trust exists only to the extent that the patient feels confident that he or she occupies the doctor’s central focus at every medical encounter, and that this focus is being used to derive a full measure of healthful benefit. This is the beginning and end of the doctor’s work and is best accomplished by every doctor understanding and maximizing each element of the doctor - patient relationship. These elements of the doctor - patient relationship are carefully dissected in this book, and then illustrated with consequential and true case histories of patients. The science to these elements - for example, the methods of clinical reasoning - are succinctly described, but always the elements are artfully illustrated by descriptions of their real-life application to human beings. That these cases celebrate the grace and courage and resiliency of individual patients is no accident, as a doctor’s patients represent worthy brothers and sisters, fellow travelers walking the lonesome valley of an individual human life, affected by both illnesses and triumphs of all sorts. Their stories offer practical insights for all readers, not just for physicians or prospective physicians, and I hope some of them make you smile. Because of the burgeoning complexities of medicine and the social contexts in which medicine is practiced, multiple physicians are often involved in the care of a patient, something which has become quite evident in the recent Covid 19 pandemic. However, each physician involved in the care of a patient at a particular moment in time has the responsibility to understand and respect the ideals of the doctor - patient relationship, to maintain and fortify it, even if the next visit is with yet another, different physician, thus enabling the doctor - patient relationship to be the vehicle that transports the patient some distance down a path towards feeling better, a path towards a medical outcome that is helpful, sometimes healing, and always hopeful. We live in a time when there are powerful and complex forces undermining the doctor - patient relationship, the most important of which is the lack of available medical care for poor people, preventing them from having the benefit of the doctor - patient relationship in the first place. We have seen this vividly in the aftermath of Covid 19; none of the patients who ended up dying alone in the Old Soldier’s Home in Massachusetts or piled up and hidden in nursing homes in New Jersey or New York City had a good doctor. There are other forces undermining the doctor - patient relationship that are not so brutally apparent but threaten both patients and their doctors; we would do well to identify and combat these, together.
INGLÊS

Computing Paradigms For Smart Healthcare

304,75€ + 10% EM CARTÃO

DISPONIBILIDADE IMEDIATA

 Smart healthcare has gradually gained its popularity because of the development of information technologies and computing paradigms such as internet of things (loT), big data, Cloud computing and artificial intelligence. These technologies transform the conventional medical system in to smarter one by making healthcare more convenient, efficient, accurate, and more customized. Smart healthcare will lead to a revolutionized healthcare system that enables the participation of all people for the early prediction and prevention of diseases so that preemptive and pro-active treatment can be delivered. The aim of this edited book is to publish the latest research advancements in the convergence of automation technology, artificial intelligence, biomedical engineering and health informatics. This will help the readers to grasp the extensive point of view and the essence of the recent advances in this field. This book solicits contributions which include theory, case studies and computing paradigms pertaining to the healthcare applications. The prospective audience would be researchers, professionals, practitioners, and students from academia and industry who work in this field. We hope the chapters presented will inspire future research both from theoretical and practical viewpoints to spur further advances in the field. The entire book is the contribution of interdisciplinary expertise available in the esteemed Institution PSG College of Technology, an ISO 9001:2015 certified Government aided Institution, belonging to Department of Information Technology, Computer Science and Engineering, Electronics and Communication Engineering, Biomedical Engineering and Biotechnology. A brief introduction about each chapter is as follows. Chapter 1 focuses on health informatics which provides an overview of the various types of data originating from the medical information, Chapter 2 objective is to provide a ‘smart connected environment’ which includes storing, processing and exchange information seamlessly using technologies. Chapter 3 deals with an intelligent healthcare system for automatic diagnosis of diseases based on IOT enabled cloud computing framework and deep learning Chapter 4 discuss about basic concepts of digital twin technology and implementation of digital twin in various health care domains. Chapter 5 proposes a graph-based framework for classification, feature selection method which uses the existing notion, histograms for extracting isotonic features from a data set. Chapter 6 explains the significance of convolution neural network in medical image analysis. Chapter 7 summarizes recent advances in AI tools applied in cancer diagnosis and research for disease prediction and biomarker discovery. Chapter 8 explores DNA microarray data followed by the implementation of machine learning algorithms to obtain the highly predictive genes for classification. Chapter 9 uses various data structures such as hash tables and prefix-based search trees to efficiently query the EHR data present in the Blockchain. Chapter 10 focuses on agreeing upon a common symmetric cryptographic key generated from the ECG signal collected at different locations of a patient using linear prediction and error control coding techniques. We are grateful to the authors and reviewers for their excellent contributions for making this book possible.
INGLÊS

Medicaid: Politics, Policy, And Key Issues

304,75€ + 10% EM CARTÃO

DISPONIBILIDADE IMEDIATA

 Medicaid is a big deal. It is the U.S. health insurance safety net for low-income pregnant women and children, but it also affects many people above the poverty line, including disabled people in middle-class families and aged adults who, in an unsettlingly common pattern, live working class or middle-class lives but lose all assets during extended nursing home stays. Now that the Affordable Care Act of 2010 (ACA) is implemented, Medicaid also covers many low-income, non-elderly, non-parent adults. The complex world of Medicaid is swirling with questions. What does Medicaid do for people? Why do people tend to support or oppose Medicaid policy? What is it like to be a Medicaid beneficiary? Will social divisions or administrative red tape eventually sink the program, or will it grow? This book helps answer these questions. Each chapter contains insights useful for practitioners and researchers alike. This book is also useful for both beginners and specialists. Each chapter introduces a key issue then takes a deep dive into the most important nooks and crannies of the program. This book also raises new questions. For those interested in answering these questions, the following chapters offer a wide range investigative techniques that future Medicaid researchers could employ. Warning: the work will not be easy. Medicaid is complex and constantly changing. Yet whether readers want to understand ongoing changes or create changes of their own, they are likely to find much of the information they need in the chapters that follow.
INGLÊS

Pharmacists: Current Challenges And Perspectives

125,88€ + 10% EM CARTÃO

DISPONIBILIDADE IMEDIATA

 It has become apparent that pharmacy education needs to respond to professional and social changes and renew its mission in terms of students and learning objectives. As such, this compilation presents approaches for bridging the theory-practice gap. Following this, the authors focus on pharmacists’ role in oncology, and the current challenges and perspectives of pharmacist in oncology settings. Oncology pharmacists contribute to the rational use of chemotherapy and supportive drugs by providing individual pharmaceutical care plans for patients. Challenges in pharmacy education and practice in the Middle East are discussed, and the authors elaborate on specific frameworks for different sectors of pharmacy. It is also proposed that developing the pharmacist’s role as a major part of the medical team could provide patients with the highest outcomes at the lowest cost. The objective of the closing review is to make a proposal for the implementation of the analysis of ethical, organisational, legal, social, environmental and other domains, in the studies of the health technology assessment agencies.
INGLÊS

Medical Care: Past, Present And Future Perspectives

108,65€ + 10% EM CARTÃO

DISPONIBILIDADE IMEDIATA

 Medical Care: Past, Present and Future Perspectives first presents important research regarding the possible pathophysiological mechanisms of fibromyalgia. Current research suggests that the basis for fibromyalgia may be a modified physiology of the central nervous system, with the nature of changes in the brain directing the thinking that fibromyalgia could be a primary brain disease. Next, in order to examine the effects of complex interdisciplinary neurophysiotherapy, five girls with Rett syndrome were included in an experimental study to assess gross motor function before and after habilitation. Rett syndrome is a rare genetic neurological syndrome, affecting almost only females and leading to severe impairments in all areas of the affected persons’ life, including speech, mobility, posture, digestive and pulmonary function. Subsequently, in order to study the degenerative processes of endplate chondrocytes in vitro, the authors present a relatively quick and easy protocol for the isolation of human chondrocytes from vertebral endplates. In closing, the mechanisms of the intervertebral disc degeneration and associated factors are presented, as well as short-term surgical results with microdiscectomy treatment.
INGLÊS

Prescription Drugs: Development, Pricing And Abuse

212,00€ + 10% EM CARTÃO

DISPONIBILIDADE IMEDIATA

 The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) awards priority review vouchers (PRV) to drug sponsors that develop drugs for tropical diseases or rare pediatric diseases or to use as medical countermeasures. The PRV—which can be sold to another drug sponsor—may be redeemed later to receive priority review from FDA with a targeted review time of 6 months, rather than the 10-month standard review, for a drug application of the PRV holder’s choice. Chapter 1 examined the number of PRVs awarded and redeemed and the drugs for which they were awarded or redeemed, and what is known about the extent to which the PRVs provide incentives for developing drugs to meet unmet needs. Chapter 2 examines the prevalence of obesity in the United States, and what is known about the use and health insurance coverage of obesity drugs. Chapter 3 discusses how to get medical care and prescription drugs during a disaster or when an emergency has been declared. The 340B Drug Pricing Program was created in 1992 to enable eligible covered entities—including certain categories of hospitals—to obtain discounts on covered outpatient drugs. Chapters 4-6 examine various aspects of this Medicare program. Chapter 7 provides an overview of how drug prices are established under Part D and describes elements of various proposals for Secretarial negotiation. To mitigate the effects of the opioid crisis in Philadelphia, a nonprofit called Safehouse announced plans to open a supervised injection site where illicit drug users could consume opioids under the supervision of trained staff, receive medical intervention in case of an overdose, and access services including addiction treatment. Chapter 8 discusses the Safehouse litigation’s importance for Congress by first providing relevant factual and legal background, before identifying select considerations for Congress related to the treatment of supervised injection sites under the CSA. Parents are often concerned that their children will start (or are already) using drugs such as tobacco, alcohol, marijuana, and others—including the misuse of prescription drugs. Research supported by the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) shows the important role that parents play in preventing drug use in their children. Chapter 9 highlights parenting skills that are important in preventing the initiation and progression of drug use among youth.
INGLÊS

340b Drug Pricing Program

258,38€ + 10% EM CARTÃO

DISPONIBILIDADE IMEDIATA

 The 340B Drug Pricing Program (340B Program) and the Medicaid Drug Rebate Program require manufacturers to provide discounts on outpatient drugs in order to have their drugs covered by Medicaid. These discounts take the form of reduced sales prices for covered entities participating in the 340B Program—eligible hospitals and federal grantees—and rebates on drugs dispensed to Medicaid beneficiaries, shared by states and the federal government. This book looks at important issues pertaining to the 340B Drug Pricing Program.
INGLÊS

Medicare: Value-Based Care, Pharmacy Benefit Managers, Trust Fund Reports And Fee-For-Service

304,75€ + 10% EM CARTÃO

DISPONIBILIDADE IMEDIATA

 Over the course of the last few years, our healthcare system has begun a shift toward rewarding physicians for the quality of care rather than the quantity, and building off these efforts, providers, doctors, health systems, and payers are willing to explore new value-based arrangements and open the door to providing new benefits for their beneficiaries. The Medicare Access and CHIP Reauthorization Act began to shift Medicare towards being a more value-based payment system. Chapter 1 discusses the models that are working toward improve the quality of care and reducing cost. Total expenditures for the Medicare Part D drug program exceeded 100 billion dollars in 2016. Part D plan sponsors may use a pharmacy benefit manager (PBM) to provide drug benefit management services for Part D coverage, such as negotiating drug rebates and other price concessions and paying pharmacy claims. Policymakers have sought a better understanding of PBMs’ roles in the drug supply chain and plans’ and PBMs’ efforts to manage Part D drug spending and use. Chapter 2 examines, (1) the extent to which Part D plan sponsors use PBMs, (2) trends in rebates and other price concessions obtained by both PBMs and plan sponsors for Part D drugs, and (3) how PBMs earn revenue for services provided to Part D plans. The Social Security Act requires boards of trustees to issue reports to Congress by April 1 each year on the financial status of the Social Security and Medicare trust funds. Chapter 3 (1) describes how the boards of trustees develop the annual Trustees reports, and (2) examines the extent to which the boards of trustees have provided the reports to Congress by the April 1 deadline, and what factors account for any delays. The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) implemented a competitive bidding program (CBP) for certain durable medical equipment (DME), such as wheelchairs and oxygen. The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act required CMS to adjust fee-for-service payment rates for certain DME items in non-bid areas. On January 1, 2016, adjusted rates for 393 items went into effect in non-bid areas. Chapter 4 examines (1) payment rate reductions and any changes in the number of suppliers; (2) any changes in the utilization of rate-adjusted items; and (3) available evidence related to potential changes in beneficiaries’ access to rate-adjusted items.
INGLÊS

Caregiving: Perspectives, Experiences And Challenges

212,00€ + 10% EM CARTÃO

DISPONIBILIDADE IMEDIATA

 A caregiver (usually also known as informal caregiver) is an often unpaid and without formal training (in the related disease) member of a person''s social network who helps them with activities of daily living. Caregiving is most commonly used to address impairments related to old age, disability, a disease or a mental disorder. Typical duties of a caregiver might include taking care of someone who has a chronic illness or disease; managing medications or talking to doctors and nurses on someone''s behalf; helping to bathe or dress someone who is frail or disabled; or taking care of household chores, meals or processes both formal and informal documentation related to health for someone who cannot do these things alone. With an increasingly aging population in all developed societies, the role of caregiver has been increasingly recognized as an important one, both functionally and economically. Caregiving reflects various possible experiences with potentially infinite perspectives. Many organizations that provide support for persons with disabilities have developed various forms of support for carers as well. However, different challenges for this category of people are still strong: it involves changes within the family system, and some caregivers may not possess the necessary resources to deal with caregiving demands. Many caregivers assume the caregiver role with little or no preparation and have to learn to deal with several aspects of care in a very short time. Literature shows that informal caregivers tend to experience more depressive symptoms and poorer physical health outcomes in comparison to non-caregivers. Moreover, informal caregivers have been repeatedly acknowledged as a model of chronic stress, due to the high level of daily stress that caregivers experience. All of these changes may lead to a set of biopsychosocial disorders named as burden, which results from the obligation to provide care, specifically within the context of a chronic or long-term disease. Caregiver burden has been conceptualized using a multidimensional perspective, in terms of physical, emotional, social and financial difficulties/problems experienced by the caregiver. In this state of the art, this book aims to present some challenges caregivers may encounter during their role, suggesting also some possible perspectives useful for clinicians to address the different experiences of informal caregivers, also connected to the different pathologies the patients they care to suffer from and to the different relationships they have with them.
A carregar resultados...

Ver mais resultados