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INGLÊS

Interpolating Cubic Splines

de Gary D. Knott

101,38€ + 10% EM CARTÃO

portes grátis

 The study of spline functions is an outgrowth of basic mathematical concepts arising from calculus, analysis and numerical analysis. Spline modelling affects a number of fields: statistics; computer graphics; CAD programming, and other areas of applied mathematics.
INGLÊS

H-Infinity Control For Distributed Parameter Systems - A State-Space Approach

de Bert (University Of Groningen, Netherlands) Van Keulen

94,62€ + 10% EM CARTÃO

portes grátis

 The aim of this book is to extend the major finite-dimensional state-space results to a large class of distributed parameter systems. These distributed parameter systems contain models for delay systems, as well as partial differential equations, and allow for unbounded inputs and outputs.
INGLÊS

Algol-Like Languages

de Peter O'Hearn e Robert Tennent

118,59€ + 10% EM CARTÃO

DISPONIBILIDADE IMEDIATA

 To construct a compiler for a modern higher-level programming languagel one needs to structure the translation to a machine-like intermediate language in a way that reflects the semantics of the language. little is said about such struc turing in compiler texts that are intended to cover a wide variety of program ming languages. More is said in the Iiterature on semantics-directed compiler construction [1] but here too the viewpoint is very general (though limited to 1 languages with a finite number of syntactic types). On the other handl there is a considerable body of work using the continuation-passing transformation to structure compilers for the specific case of call-by-value languages such as SCHEME and ML [21 3]. ln this paperl we will describe a method of structuring the translation of ALGOL-like languages that is based on the functor-category semantics devel oped by Reynolds [4] and Oles [51 6]. An alternative approach using category theory to structure compilers is the early work of F. L. Morris [7]1 which anticipates our treatment of boolean expressionsl but does not deal with procedures. 2 Types and Syntax An ALGOL-like language is a typed lambda calculus with an unusual repertoire of primitive types. Throughout most of this paper we assume that the primi tive types are comm(and) int(eger)exp(ression) int(eger)acc(eptor) int(eger)var(iable) I and that the set 8 of types is the least set containing these primitive types and closed under the binary operation -.
INGLÊS

Canonical Equational Proofs

de Bachmair

59,61€ + 10% EM CARTÃO

DISPONIBILIDADE IMEDIATA

 Equations occur in many computer applications, such as symbolic compu tation, functional programming, abstract data type specifications, program verification, program synthesis, and automated theorem proving. Rewrite systems are directed equations used to compute by replacing subterms in a given formula by equal terms until a simplest form possible, called a normal form, is obtained. The theory of rewriting is concerned with the compu tation of normal forms. We shall study the use of rewrite techniques for reasoning about equations. Reasoning about equations may, for instance, involve deciding whether an equation is a logical consequence of a given set of equational axioms. Convergent rewrite systems are those for which the rewriting process de fines unique normal forms. They can be thought of as non-deterministic functional programs and provide reasonably efficient decision procedures for the underlying equational theories. The Knuth-Bendix completion method provides a means of testing for convergence and can often be used to con struct convergent rewrite systems from non-convergent ones. We develop a proof-theoretic framework for studying completion and related rewrite based proof procedures. We shall view theorem provers as proof transformation procedures, so as to express their essential properties as proof normalization theorems.
INGLÊS

Nondeterminism In Algebraic Specifications And Algebraic Programs

de Hussmann

59,61€ + 10% EM CARTÃO

DISPONIBILIDADE IMEDIATA

 Algebraic specification, nondeterminism and term rewriting are three active research areas aiming at concepts for the abstract description of software systems: Algebraic specifications are well-suited for describing data structures and sequential software systems in an abstract way. Term rewriting methods are used in many prototyping systems and form the basis for executing specifi cations. Nondeterminism plays a major role in formal language theory; in programming it serves for delaying design decisions in program development and occurs in a "natural" way in formalisations of distributed processes. Heinrich Hussmann presents an elegant extension of equational specification and term rewriting to include nondeterminism. Based on a clean modeltheoretic semantics he considers term rewriting systems without confluence restrictions as a specification language and shows that fundamental properties such as the existence of initial models or the soundness and completeness of narrowing, the basic mechanism for executing equational specifications, can be extended to nondeterministic computations. The work of Heinrich Hussmann is an excellent contribution to Algebraic Programming; it gives a framework that admits a direct approach to program verification, is suitable for describing concurrent and distributed processes, and it can be executed as fast as Prolog.
INGLÊS

Verifying Temporal Properties Of Systems

de J.C. Bradfield

59,61€ + 10% EM CARTÃO

DISPONIBILIDADE IMEDIATA

 This monograph aims to provide a powerful general-purpose proof tech nique for the verification of systems, whether finite or infinite. It extends the idea of finite local model-checking, which was introduced by Stirling and Walker: rather than traversing the entire state space of a model, as is done for model-checking in the sense of Emerson, Clarke et ai. (checking whether a (finite) model satisfies a formula), local model-checking asks whether a particular state satisfies a formula, and only explores the nearby states far enough to answer that question. The technique used was a tableau method, constructing a tableau according to the formula and the local structure of the model. This tableau technique is here generalized to the infinite case by considering sets of states, rather than single states; because the logic used, the propositional modal mu-calculus, separates simple modal and boolean connectives from powerful fix-point operators (which make the logic more expressive than many other temporal logics), it is possible to give a rela tively straightforward set of rules for constructing a tableau. Much of the subtlety is removed from the tableau itself, and put into a relation on the state space defined by the tableau-the success of the tableau then depends on the well-foundedness of this relation. The generalized tableau technique is exhibited on Petri nets, and various standard notions from net theory are shown to playa part in the use of the technique on nets-in particular, the invariant calculus has a major role.
INGLÊS

Complexity Theory Of Real Functions

de K. Ko

98,71€ + 10% EM CARTÃO

DISPONIBILIDADE IMEDIATA

 Starting with Cook''s pioneering work on NP-completeness in 1970, polynomial complexity theory, the study of polynomial-time com putability, has quickly emerged as the new foundation of algorithms. On the one hand, it bridges the gap between the abstract approach of recursive function theory and the concrete approach of analysis of algorithms. It extends the notions and tools of the theory of computability to provide a solid theoretical foundation for the study of computational complexity of practical problems. In addition, the theoretical studies of the notion of polynomial-time tractability some times also yield interesting new practical algorithms. A typical exam ple is the application of the ellipsoid algorithm to combinatorial op timization problems (see, for example, Lovasz [1986]). On the other hand, it has a strong influence on many different branches of mathe matics, including combinatorial optimization, graph theory, number theory and cryptography. As a consequence, many researchers have begun to re-examine various branches of classical mathematics from the complexity point of view. For a given nonconstructive existence theorem in classical mathematics, one would like to find a construc tive proof which admits a polynomial-time algorithm for the solution. One of the examples is the recent work on algorithmic theory of per mutation groups. In the area of numerical computation, there are also two tradi tionally independent approaches: recursive analysis and numerical analysis.
INGLÊS

Combinatory Programme

de Erwin Engeler

118,59€ + 10% EM CARTÃO

DISPONIBILIDADE IMEDIATA

 This text shows that sufficiently rich combinatory algebras can serve as a platform from which to develop the algorithmic aspects of many areas in computer science, mathematics and their applications. It should be of interest to those studying universal algebra, logic and computer algebra.
INGLÊS

Comparative Metric Semantics Of Programming Languages - Nondeterminism And Recursion

de Franck Van Breughel

118,59€ + 10% EM CARTÃO

DISPONIBILIDADE IMEDIATA

 This is a book in theoretical computer science that explores the semantics of programming languages with topological methods. Aimed at research workers and advanced graduate students in computer science, the book presents an important contribution to the theory of programming languages ami the semantics that underlie their construction.
INGLÊS

Object-Oriented Programming A Unified Foundation

de Giuseppe Castagna

118,59€ + 10% EM CARTÃO

DISPONIBILIDADE IMEDIATA

 This text provides a comprehensive understanding of object-oriented concepts by developing a theory that accounts for both the Simula and CLOS languages. It shows that it is possible to smoothly integrate both languages into a unique language.
INGLÊS

Algol-Like Languages

de Peter O'Hearn e Robert Tennent

118,59€ + 10% EM CARTÃO

DISPONIBILIDADE IMEDIATA

 In 1959 John Backus presented a paper on a proposed international algebraic language which evolved into ALGOL 60. This set of two volumes aims to review the attempts over recent years to use programming languages based on ALGOL 60, using Backus' original document as an introduction.
INGLÊS

Isomorphisms Of Types - From ?-Calculus To Information Retrieval And Language Design

de Roberto Dicosmo

59,61€ + 10% EM CARTÃO

DISPONIBILIDADE IMEDIATA

 Isomorphisms of types is a research topic in type theory that has valuable practical applications both for programming language design and for more human-centred information retrieval in software libraries. In this book the author presents the theoretical aspects of this research.
INGLÊS

Solving Higher-Order Equations - From Logic To Programming

de Christian Prehofer

118,59€ + 10% EM CARTÃO

DISPONIBILIDADE IMEDIATA

 This monograph develops techniques for equational reasoning in higher-order logic. Due to its expressiveness, higher-order logic is used for specification and verification of hardware, software, and mathematics. In these applica- tions, higher-order logic provides the necessary level of abstraction for con- cise and natural formulations. The main assets of higher-order logic are quan- tification over functions or predicates and its abstraction mechanism. These allow one to represent quantification in formulas and other variable-binding constructs. In this book, we focus on equational logic as a fundamental and natural concept in computer science and mathematics. We present calculi for equa- tional reasoning modulo higher-order equations presented as rewrite rules. This is followed by a systematic development from general equational rea- soning towards effective calculi for declarative programming in higher-order logic and A-calculus. This aims at integrating and generalizing declarative programming models such as functional and logic programming. In these two prominent declarative computation models we can view a program as a logical theory and a computation as a deduction.
INGLÊS

Neural Networks And Analog Computation - Beyond The Turing Limit

de Hava T. Siegelmann

171,59€ + 10% EM CARTÃO

DISPONIBILIDADE IMEDIATA

 Humanity's most basic intellectual quest to decipher nature and master it has led to numerous efforts to build machines that simulate the world or communi- cate with it [Bus70, Tur36, MP43, Sha48, vN56, Sha41, Rub89, NK91, Nyc92]. The computational power and dynamic behavior of such machines is a central question for mathematicians, computer scientists, and occasionally, physicists. Our interest is in computers called artificial neural networks. In their most general framework, neural networks consist of assemblies of simple processors, or "neurons," each of which computes a scalar activation function of its input. This activation function is nonlinear, and is typically a monotonic function with bounded range, much like neural responses to input stimuli. The scalar value produced by a neuron affects other neurons, which then calculate a new scalar value of their own. This describes the dynamical behavior of parallel updates. Some of the signals originate from outside the network and act as inputs to the system, while other signals are communicated back to the environment and are thus used to encode the end result of the computation.
INGLÊS

Logic Of Domains

de G. Zhang

118,59€ + 10% EM CARTÃO

DISPONIBILIDADE IMEDIATA

 This monograph studies the logical aspects of domains as used in de notational semantics of programming languages. Frameworks of domain logics are introduced; these serve as foundations for systematic derivations of proof systems from denotational semantics of programming languages. Any proof system so derived is guaranteed to agree with denotational se mantics in the sense that the denotation of any program coincides with the set of assertions true of it. The study focuses on two categories for dena tational semantics: SFP domains, and the less standard, but important, category of stable domains. The intended readership of this monograph includes researchers and graduate students interested in the relation between semantics of program ming languages and formal means of reasoning about programs. A basic knowledge of denotational semantics, mathematical logic, general topology, and category theory is helpful for a full understanding of the material. Part I SFP Domains Chapter 1 Introduction This chapter provides a brief exposition to domain theory, denotational se mantics, program logics, and proof systems. It discusses the importance of ideas and results on logic and topology to the understanding of the relation between denotational semantics and program logics. It also describes the motivation for the work presented by this monograph, and how that work fits into a more general program. Finally, it gives a short summary of the results of each chapter. 1. 1 Domain Theory Programming languages are languages with which to perform computa tion.
INGLÊS

Semantics Of Type Theory - Correctness, Completeness And Independence Results

de T. Streicher

98,71€ + 10% EM CARTÃO

DISPONIBILIDADE IMEDIATA

 Correctness Completeness and Independence Results.
INGLÊS

Graph Isomorphism Problem - Its Structural Complexity

de J. Kobler, J. Toran e U. Schoning

118,59€ + 10% EM CARTÃO

DISPONIBILIDADE IMEDIATA

 Recently, a variety ofresults on the complexitystatusofthegraph isomorphism problem has been obtained. These results belong to the so-called structural part of Complexity Theory. Our idea behind this book is to summarize such results which might otherwise not be easily accessible in the literature, and also, to give the reader an understanding of the aims and topics in Structural Complexity Theory, in general. The text is basically self contained; the only prerequisite for reading it is some elementary knowledge from Complexity Theory and Probability Theory. It can be used to teach a seminar or a monographic graduate course, but also parts of it (especially Chapter 1) provide a source of examples for a standard graduate course on Complexity Theory. Many people have helped us in different ways III the process of writing this book. Especially, we would like to thank V. Arvind, R.V. Book, E. May ordomo, and the referee who gave very constructive comments. This book project was especially made possible by a DAAD grant in the "Acciones In tegrada" program. The third author has been supported by the ESPRIT project ALCOM-II.
INGLÊS

Algorithms For Random Generation And Counting: A Markov Chain Approach

de A. Sinclair

118,59€ + 10% EM CARTÃO

DISPONIBILIDADE IMEDIATA

 This monograph is a slightly revised version of my PhD thesis [86], com pleted in the Department of Computer Science at the University of Edin burgh in June 1988, with an additional chapter summarising more recent developments. Some of the material has appeared in the form of papers [50,88]. The underlying theme of the monograph is the study of two classical problems: counting the elements of a finite set of combinatorial structures, and generating them uniformly at random. In their exact form, these prob lems appear to be intractable for many important structures, so interest has focused on finding efficient randomised algorithms that solve them ap proxim~ly, with a small probability of error. For most natural structures the two problems are intimately connected at this level of approximation, so it is natural to study them together. At the heart of the monograph is a single algorithmic paradigm: sim ulate a Markov chain whose states are combinatorial structures and which converges to a known probability distribution over them. This technique has applications not only in combinatorial counting and generation, but also in several other areas such as statistical physics and combinatorial optimi sation. The efficiency of the technique in any application depends crucially on the rate of convergence of the Markov chain.
INGLÊS

Categorical Combinators, Sequential Algorithms, And Functional Programming

de P.-L. Curien

118,59€ + 10% EM CARTÃO

DISPONIBILIDADE IMEDIATA

 This book is a revised edition of the monograph which appeared under the same title in the series Research Notes in Theoretical Computer Science, Pit man, in 1986. In addition to a general effort to improve typography, English, and presentation, the main novelty of this second edition is the integration of some new material. Part of it is mine (mostly jointly with coauthors). Here is brief guide to these additions. I have augmented the account of categorical combinatory logic with a description of the confluence properties of rewriting systems of categor ical combinators (Hardin, Yokouchi), and of the newly developed cal culi of explicit substitutions (Abadi, Cardelli, Curien, Hardin, Levy, and Rios), which are similar in spirit to the categorical combinatory logic, but are closer to the syntax of A-calculus (Section 1.2). The study of the full abstraction problem for PCF and extensions of it has been enriched with a new full abstraction result: the model of sequential algorithms is fully abstract with respect to an extension of PCF with a control operator (Cartwright, Felleisen, Curien). An order extensional model of error-sensitive sequential algorithms is also fully abstract for a corresponding extension of PCF with a control operator and errors (Sections 2.6 and 4.1). I suggest that sequential algorithms lend themselves to a decomposition of the function spaces that leads to models of linear logic (Lamarche, Curien), and that connects sequentiality with games (Joyal, Blass, Abramsky) (Sections 2.1 and 2.6).
INGLÊS

Finite Automata, Formal Logic, And Circuit Complexity

de Howard Straubing

131,84€ + 10% EM CARTÃO

DISPONIBILIDADE IMEDIATA

 The study of the connections between mathematical automata and for mal logic is as old as theoretical computer science itself. In the founding paper of the subject, published in 1936, Turing showed how to describe the behavior of a universal computing machine with a formula of first order predicate logic, and thereby concluded that there is no algorithm for deciding the validity of sentences in this logic. Research on the log ical aspects of the theory of finite-state automata, which is the subject of this book, began in the early 1960''s with the work of J. Richard Biichi on monadic second-order logic. Biichi''s investigations were extended in several directions. One of these, explored by McNaughton and Papert in their 1971 monograph Counter-free Automata, was the characterization of automata that admit first-order behavioral descriptions, in terms of the semigroup theoretic approach to automata that had recently been developed in the work of Krohn and Rhodes and of Schiitzenberger. In the more than twenty years that have passed since the appearance of McNaughton and Papert''s book, the underlying semigroup theory has grown enor mously, permitting a considerable extension of their results. During the same period, however, fundamental investigations in the theory of finite automata by and large fell out of fashion in the theoretical com puter science community, which moved to other concerns.
INGLÊS

Polynomial And Matrix Computations - Fundamental Algorithms

de Dario Bini e Victor Y. Pan

171,59€ + 10% EM CARTÃO

DISPONIBILIDADE IMEDIATA

 Our Subjects and Objectives. This book is about algebraic and symbolic computation and numerical computing (with matrices and polynomials). It greatly extends the study of these topics presented in the celebrated books of the seventies, [AHU] and [BM] (these topics have been under-represented in [CLR], which is a highly successful extension and updating of [AHU] otherwise). Compared to [AHU] and [BM] our volume adds extensive material on parallel com putations with general matrices and polynomials, on the bit-complexity of arithmetic computations (including some recent techniques of data compres sion and the study of numerical approximation properties of polynomial and matrix algorithms), and on computations with Toeplitz matrices and other dense structured matrices. The latter subject should attract people working in numerous areas of application (in particular, coding, signal processing, control, algebraic computing and partial differential equations). The au thors'' teaching experience at the Graduate Center of the City University of New York and at the University of Pisa suggests that the book may serve as a text for advanced graduate students in mathematics and computer science who have some knowledge of algorithm design and wish to enter the exciting area of algebraic and numerical computing. The potential readership may also include algorithm and software designers and researchers specializing in the design and analysis of algorithms, computational complexity, alge braic and symbolic computing, and numerical computation.
INGLÊS

Subrecursive Programming Systems - Complexity & Succinctness

de James S. Royer e John Case

118,59€ + 10% EM CARTÃO

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INGLÊS

What Lies Ahead For America'S Children And Their Schools

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INGLÊS

Herbert Hoover - President Of The United States

de Edgar Robinson e Vaughn Davis Bornet

29,55€

portes grátis

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