Narrated Films

Caligari and Hiroshima Mon Amour); multiple narration, in which a number of characters tell the story that is the film (Rashomon and Zelig); written narration, whether through diaries or letters (Letter from an Unknown Woman and Diary of a Country Priest); and the cinematic version of interior monologue, which Fleishman terms mindscreen narration (Brief Encounter and Daybreak).