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My Life eBook
idioma: inglês
Editor:
Passerino ‧
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SINOPSE
Wilhelm Richard Wagner(22 May 1813 – 13 February 1883) was a German composer, theatre director, polemicist, and conductor who is chiefly known for his operas (or, as some of his mature works were later known, "music dramas"). Unlike most opera composers, Wagner wrote both the libretto and the music for each of his stage works. Initially establishing his reputation as a composer of works in the romantic vein of Carl Maria von Weber and Giacomo Meyerbeer, Wagner revolutionised opera through his concept of the Gesamtkunstwerk ("total work of art"), by which he sought to synthesise the poetic, visual, musical and dramatic arts, with music subsidiary to drama. He described this vision in a series of essays published between 1849 and 1852. Wagner realised these ideas most fully in the first half of the four-opera cycleDer Ring des Nibelungen (The Ring of the Nibelung).
His compositions, particularly those of his later period, are notable for their complex textures, rich harmonies and orchestration, and the elaborate use of leitmotifs—musical phrases associated with individual characters, places, ideas, or plot elements. His advances in musical language, such as extreme chromaticism and quickly shifting tonal centres, greatly influenced the development of classical music. His Tristan und Isolde is sometimes described as marking the start of modern music.
Wagner had his own opera house built, the Bayreuth Festspielhaus, which embodied many novel design features. The Ring and Parsifal were premiered here and his most important stage works continue to be performed at the annual Bayreuth Festival, run by his descendants. His thoughts on the relative contributions of music and drama in opera were to change again, and he reintroduced some traditional forms into his last few stage works, includingDie Meistersinger von Nürnberg (The Mastersingers of Nuremberg).
Until his final years, Wagner's life was characterised by political exile, turbulent love affairs, poverty and repeated flight from his creditors. His controversial writings on music, drama and politics have attracted extensive comment – particularly, since the late 20th century, where they express antisemitic sentiments. The effect of his ideas can be traced in many of the arts throughout the 20th century; his influence spread beyond composition into conducting, philosophy, literature, the visual arts and theatre.
His compositions, particularly those of his later period, are notable for their complex textures, rich harmonies and orchestration, and the elaborate use of leitmotifs—musical phrases associated with individual characters, places, ideas, or plot elements. His advances in musical language, such as extreme chromaticism and quickly shifting tonal centres, greatly influenced the development of classical music. His Tristan und Isolde is sometimes described as marking the start of modern music.
Wagner had his own opera house built, the Bayreuth Festspielhaus, which embodied many novel design features. The Ring and Parsifal were premiered here and his most important stage works continue to be performed at the annual Bayreuth Festival, run by his descendants. His thoughts on the relative contributions of music and drama in opera were to change again, and he reintroduced some traditional forms into his last few stage works, includingDie Meistersinger von Nürnberg (The Mastersingers of Nuremberg).
Until his final years, Wagner's life was characterised by political exile, turbulent love affairs, poverty and repeated flight from his creditors. His controversial writings on music, drama and politics have attracted extensive comment – particularly, since the late 20th century, where they express antisemitic sentiments. The effect of his ideas can be traced in many of the arts throughout the 20th century; his influence spread beyond composition into conducting, philosophy, literature, the visual arts and theatre.
DETALHES
| Propriedade | Descrição |
|---|---|
| ISBN: | 9791222038889 |
| Editor: | Passerino |
| Idioma: | Inglês |
| Tipo de produto: | eBook |
| Formato e Compatibilidade: | |
| Classificação Temática: |
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Literatura
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| EAN: | 9791222038889 |
SOBRE O AUTOR
Richard Wagner
Richard Wagner foi um dos compositores e dramaturgos mais influentes da história da música ocidental, nascido a 22 de maio de 1813 em Leipzig, Alemanha, e falecido a 13 de fevereiro de 1883 em Veneza, Itália. Wagner é amplamente reconhecido por ter transformado a ópera, desenvolvendo um novo conceito de drama musical que ele chamou de "Gesamtkunstwerk" (obra de arte total), onde música, poesia, e cenografia se unem para criar uma experiência estética completa.
Wagner começou a sua carreira musical ainda jovem, estudando composição e regência. No entanto, foi durante os seus anos em Paris e posteriormente em Dresden que ele começou a formular as ideias que definiriam o seu estilo. A sua obra inicial inclui óperas como Rienzi (1842) e Der fliegende Holländer (1843), que já mostram a sua inclinação para temas mitológicos e dramáticos.
A obra-prima de Wagner, no entanto, é o ciclo de quatro óperas conhecido como Der Ring des Nibelungen (O Anel do Nibelungo), composto entre 1848 e 1874. Este ciclo monumental, que inclui as óperas Das Rheingold, Die Walküre, Siegfried e Götterdämmerung, é uma das realizações mais ambiciosas da história da música, explorando temas como o poder, a destruição, e a redenção, através de uma narrativa complexa inspirada na mitologia nórdica e germânica.
Wagner também é conhecido pela ópera Tristan und Isolde (1865), uma obra que revolucionou a harmonia musical e é frequentemente vista como um precursor do modernismo na música. A utilização inovadora de dissonâncias e cromatismo em Tristan und Isolde influenciou profundamente os compositores que vieram depois dele.
A relação de Wagner com a política e a sociedade também foi complexa e controversa. Ele era conhecido pelas suas visões nacionalistas e antissemitas, o que gerou controvérsia tanto durante a sua vida quanto após a sua morte. Essas visões, juntamente com a admiração que Adolf Hitler tinha pela sua música, mancharam a sua reputação, mas a sua influência na música e na ópera é inegável.
Wagner também desempenhou um papel crucial no desenvolvimento da arquitetura de teatros de ópera, com a construção do Teatro de Bayreuth, especificamente desenhado para a encenação das suas obras. O Festival de Bayreuth, que ainda hoje se realiza, é dedicado à apresentação das suas óperas e é um dos eventos mais prestigiados do mundo da música clássica.
O legado de Richard Wagner é vasto e multifacetado. Enquanto as suas visões pessoais geram controvérsia, a sua contribuição para a música, especialmente para a ópera, permanece uma das mais significativas na história da arte. As suas inovações no uso da orquestra, na harmonia, e na integração das artes continuaram a influenciar a música clássica e a cultura em geral muito além de sua morte.
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